164 



SALMONIDiE OF BRITAIN. 



Fig. 27. Head, f natural size, o£ female 

 salmon-trout, 12-3 inches long. 



Fig. 28. Head, ^ natural size, of male 

 salmon-trout, 20 inches long. 



The race of Sea trout* generally considered aa onr northern onc,t is also known 

 as the Salmon or Bull trcut ; Gray salmon of the Tweed ; Round-tail in the Annan ; 

 Scurf, Scurve, or Salmon-scurf oi the Tees, likewise as Goehivie near the mouth of 

 that river ; Fordwich trout (cffic. 60) ; Candlemas gray, a kclt in Cumberland and 

 Westmoreland. J In the grilse-stage in Scotland, as Phinoc or Finnorl;^ Herling, 

 Mnudie-troiit, or in the northern English rivers as Whitlivgs or Wlntings,\\ also 

 Lammasmen^ in the Edinburgh market for August ones, while some unclean sea- 

 trout are termed thus in the river Allan, and gull of August, and mort of the 

 Cumberland rivers. White trout, Ireland. In the smolt-sfage, as Sprod, in Cumber- 

 land, also sea-trout grilse are sometimes so tci'mod ; while the par in Scotland and 

 these becoming smolts arc known as Orange-fins or Yelknv-fins, Black-tails, Silver- 

 whites, Silver-grays and Burn-tails in the Tync, and in Cumberland as Smelt-sjrrods 

 and Herring-sprods. A correspondent of Land and Water (March 27th, 1880), gave 

 the following as the Ciaclic names of salmon-trout in the north of Scotland : geal- 

 hhreac and bricean, and sea-trout as breac-sail and hreac-mara, and salmon-fry as 

 min-iasg and siol-hrddain, and trout of any kind as hreac or bricean — also of 

 salmon-troiit in Ireland as colagan. 



B. x-xii, D. 1-2-14 (J-,%) I 0, P. 13-14, V. 9, A. 11-13 (|:a), C. 10-21, L 1. 

 115-130, L t. ||:fi. Vert. 67-GO, Cmc. pyl. 33-Cl. 



Body rather elongated, but not so elegantly .shaped as in the salmon, being 

 thicker and shorter in proportion : the abdominal profile more curved than that 

 of the back. The proportions of one part of the body to the remainder vary con- 

 siderably, while the head is longer in males than in females; irresjjcctive of which, 

 there appears to be a disposition in some forms to have abnormally longer or 

 •shorter heads, in fact, to form a longer or shorter headed race. The young in 

 many respects arc similar to those of the salmon, but with the pectoral fins always 

 shorter. Length of head in adults 4j to 5j, of caudal fin from 7i to 8, height of 

 body from 4^ to 5| in the total length. Eyes — diameter about 6^ to 7| in 

 examples exceeding 15 inches in length, about 2 to 2j diameters from the end of 

 the snout, and the same distance apart : they arc comparatively much larger in the 



* The term Salmon-trout was originally employed under the impression that some form (? all) 

 of sea trout were hybrids between the salmon and the trout. 



t Salmo tnitta (sec synonymy, p. 149 initc). 



J Camllemax, or the Feast of Candles, held on February 2nd. 



§ I'liiiwl;, Mr. Orr states, means " yellow fin." 



II The term WhMinii in a few localities appears to be employed for sea trout larger than when 

 in the gi'ilse stage : while some of the terms given as applicable to smolts of this form are 

 in other places used for their grilse condition. Stoddart observed that, if breeding, it is called a 

 Hill in the Tweed and Esk. 



\ Laiiwuis, loaf, mass, or feast, a festival of first-fruits, celebrated on August 1st. 



