100 



SALMONID^ OF BRITAIN. 



on tin's fisli. No. 3 male, 8'2 inches long, crecal pylori 50 : length of head 4§ in 

 the entire length. Few spots below the latei'al-line. Dorsal fin spotted, its 

 ujjper-anterior corner black : iiectoral very dark : caudal dark edged. No. 4, 8'1 

 inclies long : cveal pylori iO : length of head 4|- in the entire length. Only a few- 

 black spots below the lateral-line : dorsal fin spotted with black and having its 

 npper-antei'ior margin with a white edge : adipose dorsal edged with orange : 

 pectoral fin reddish except at its edge. Teeth as in No. 1. No. 5, female, 

 /■5 inches long: cajcal pylori 60 : length of head 4.j in the entire length. Upper- 

 anterior corner of dorsal fin black margined with white. No. C, 7'8 inches long : 

 ca^cal pylori 42 : length of head 5i in the entii-e length. No. 7, 7"o inches long : 

 ca?cal pylori 43 : length of head 4| in the entire length. No. 8 in colours was a 

 j-ellow trout, male, 8'8 inches long : CKCal pylori 40 : length of head 5 in. the 

 entire length ; colours yellowish, having numerous large red spots surrounded by 

 a light edging : dorsal fin densely spotted, its upper-anterior corner with a black- 

 based white edging : caudal fin red edged. 



In the foregoing series (excluding No. 8), the colours of the fins graduated 

 towards those of the brook trout : the length of the head of a local example of 

 male brook trout was one-fifth of the entire length of the fish, whereas in these 

 whitlings it varied from 4i to 5 J in the total : the lower limb of the prcopercle in 

 all but one was very short, when the adipose or dead fin was orange the pectoral 

 was light coloured : and the anterior-superior margin of the back fin from being 

 nearly black in some had a white margin in others, while in two there was abso- 

 lutely no black spots at all on this fin. As to the vomerine teeth,* in all a row 

 was present along the hind margin of the head of that bone, and in a more or 

 less complete zig-zag line along its body (see fig. 29, no. I, p. 156). The ca?cal 

 appendages averaged 53, but were of varying numbers fi-om 40, 40, 42, 43, 4G, 

 50, 60. In the one in which the vertebroe were examined, there were 58 -(- x. It 

 must be evident that in this series we have evidence of a gradual approach from 

 the sea to the river trout. 



Fig. 31. Head, natural size, of female Seiiin or southern race. 



The race of sea trout generally considered as more exclusively our southern 

 and Irish onef has been subdivided by authors in accordance with its size, sex, 

 external appearance, and the number of teeth existing on the body of the vomer. 



• Parnell observed of the vomerine teeth that " they are from nine to twelve in number, and 

 in about one example out of twenty only three of these teeth are perceptible, and these confined 

 to the most anterior part " (p. 29(>). 



f Donovan, in his 'I'our in Soutli Wales and ilonmouthxhirc, drew attention to this form, which 

 ho termed Salmo camhrkus (for synonymy, see p. 150 ante), observing ou its appearing on the sea 

 coast and in the rivers of Wales during the summer months, from May to September, and then 

 returning to the sea. 



In tlic Reiwrt of the Conmtissioyicrs appointed to inquire into the f^almon Fislieries of England 



