238 SALMONID^ OF BRITAIN. 



Salmo umbla, Jenyns, Brit. Vert. p. 427 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. 1840, vi, 

 p. 430. 



Salmo Willughhii, Giinther, Proc. Zool. See. 1862, p.4G, pi. v, 1863, p. 11, and 

 Catal. vi, p. 131 ; Day, Bnt. and Irish Fish, ii, p. 113, pi. cxvii, f. 2. 



Salmo stru,ane7is{s, Gibson-Maitland, Field, Oct. 8tli, 1881, p. 516. 

 Willoughliys charr, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 202, pi. ccxxii. 



Variety. LocH Killin Char.* 



Salmo hiliinensis, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 699, pi. xl, and Catal. vi, 

 p. 130 ; Honghton, Brit. Fresh-water Fish. p. 145, c. fig. ; Day, Brit, and Irish 

 Fish, ii, p. 113, pi. cxviii, f. 1. 



.'' Salmo arcturus, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 294, pi. xxxiii. 



Variety. Grays CHAE.f 



Salmo alpinus, Dubonrdieu, Hist. Co. Antrim, i, p. 119 ; Thompson, Ann. Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. 1840, vi, p. 448. 



Salmo umhla, Thompson, 1. c. p. 439 (young) and Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 160. 



Salmo Grayi, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 51, pi. vii, and 1863, p. 12, 

 and Catal. Fish. Brit. Museum, vi, p. 136 ; Houghton, Brit. Fresh-water Fishes, 

 p. 139, c. fig. ; Day, Brit, and Irish Fish, ii, p. 114, pi. cxix, f. 1. 



Gray's charr, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 267, pi. ccxxiv. 



Variety. Coles Chae.J 



Salmo Coin, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1863, p. 12, pi. ii, and Catal. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus. vi, p. 138; Houghton, British Fresh-water Fishes, p. 138, c. fig. ; Day, Brit, 

 and Irish Fish, ii, p. 114, pi. cxviii, f. 2. 



Coles Charr, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 269, pi. ccxxv. 



B. x-xi, D. 12-14 (J^) I 0, P. 12-14, V. 9-10, A. 11-13 (s'^^) C. 19-21, L. 1. 

 125-145, L. tr. 25-31/30-40, Csec. pyl. 28-62, Vert. 69-63. 



* D. 14 (,-\^) I 0, P. 13, V. 9, A. 13 (y^), C. 19, L. 1. 135, Vert. G2, Cffc. pyl. 44-52. 



Length of head 4^, of caudal fin G^, height of; body 4J in the total length. Hyes — diameter 

 about 1/6 of the length of the head, 2 diameters from the end of the snout, and also apart. Form 

 of preoperele varies in different specimens ; subopercle mostly short and high. Maxilla reaches 

 to behind the orbit. Tfcth — small. Fins — dorsal, pectoral, and ventral well developed. Scales — 

 Dr. Giinther counts 180 rows descending on to the lateral-line ; in an example examined there 

 were 135 pierced scales along the lateral-line. Colours — dark, sides with few light spots. In some 

 the anterior edges of the lower fins are lightly coloured. S. orfturus, Giinther, the most northern 

 Salmonoid recorded N. lat. 80° 28' by 34' is differentiated from .S'. liiUinensis owing to its being a 

 Uttle more slender I Malmgren (/Efv. Sven. Vet. Akad. Fork. 1865, p. 534) remarked upon an 

 example of Salmo tilpiiius, 76 millim long, found in a river in Northern Spitzbergen. 



t D. 13-14 (:?Vti) I 0, P. 13-14, V. 9, A. 12 (J), C. 21, L. 1. 125-140, L. tr. 31/30, CaiC. pyl. 37, 

 Vert. 60. 



Lower jaw feeble. Teeth — small, 4 on each premaxillary and about 16 on each maxiUary. 

 pi,).s — dorsal commences slightly nearer the snout than in the other forms, the fin being in the 

 centre of the length of the back. Pectoral terminates at no great distance from the ventral : fins 

 well developed. — Scales — 19 rows from the hind edge of the adipose dorsal fin downwards and 

 forwards to the lateral-line ; 25 rows beween the lateral-hne and the base of the ventral fin : 125 

 to 140 rows along the lateral-line. Colours — sides with orange dots : fins with or without a light edge. 



Thompson observed of the char of Lough Melvin, that " the males are generally more grace- 

 fully formed than the females, and most of them are rather brighter in colour, but there is no 

 external character so strikingly different as to lead to a certain knowledge of the sex : some of the 

 largest finned are females." They are termed "fresli-tcater lierriiiris " in Lough Melvin. When 

 cooked the flesh is pale and its taste insipid. As to their breeding, Mr. Houghton received some from 

 Lough Melvin in November, the males had not parted with their milt, nor the females with their ova. 



J D. 13-14 (r'-^'n) J 0, P. 13, V. 9, A. 12(f),C. 19, L. 1.125-128, L.tr. 31/30. Ciec. pyl. 42, Vert. 63. 



Teeth — very small, 4 to 6 in each premaxiUary, 14 to 17 in each maxillary. Fiyts — pectoral 

 not reaching nearly to the ventral. Ventral and anal fins with a narrow white anterior edge. 

 Scales — 125 rows along the lateral-line, and 160 descending to it : 18 rows between the hind edge of 

 the adipose dorsal fin and the lateral-line: and 25 from the lateral-line to the base of the ventral 

 fin. The form of S. Colii appears to be principally distinguished from S. Gratjii by the compara- 

 tive shortness of its pectoral fins. It has been recorded from Lough Eske {Esk or Yesk, " a fish"), 

 the crater of an extinct volcano, and L. Dan. 



