264 SALMONID^ OF BRITAIN. 



one 7'3 iuclies long* was removed for examination. The lower jaw was slightly 

 deformed, being unnaturally shortened. Teeth — in a transverse row across 

 the head of the vomer, but none along the body of the bone. Scales — 23 rows 

 pass from the base of the adipose dorsal fin downwards and forwards to the 

 lateral-line. The dorsal, anal, and other fins are much more developed in these 

 pure char hybrids than in the Zebra, wherein the char was crossed with a trout. 

 Colours — of a beautiful iridescent purple, with thirteen transvei'se or par-bands 

 along the sides ; the whole of the body covered with small light spots, none on the 

 fins. Anterior edge of the dorsal, ventral, and anal white, also the outer ray of the 

 pectoral. A few dark marks along the base of the dorsal fin, all the fins darkest 

 at their outer edges. The specimen was a male with the milt very fully 

 developed. 



November 12th, 1884. — Pond no. 4 at Howietoun was again examined, and 

 91 fish were present: the largest fish was 85 inches long ; most of the females were 

 not quite ready for breeding, as December set in they began to be languid ; and 

 one or two having died, they were .shifted into pond no. 5, on December 24th, 

 when 74 fish were transferred. The nest day fifteen died, and two on the 26th. 

 Sub.sequcntly few succumbed ; but one on February Tith. These fish seem, in 

 their shallow pond, to have felt atmosphcu'ic changes very severely, requiring deeper 

 water into which to descend, while it is very remarkable that the hybrid crosses 

 between the American char and the Lochleven trout (9 leopards and 116 zebras) 

 were not so afl'ected, although kept under precisely similar surroundings. 



November 25th, 1885. — The largest was 10^ inches in length, many were found 

 to be ready to spawn, some not quite so, but from thirty-five fish from 10 to 12,000 

 eggs were obtained, some were crossed among themselves, as will be detailed. 

 There were not so many males with ripe milt as there were females with ripe ova. 



February 27th, 1886. — -A good many of the old struans have died since spawn- 

 ing, they appear to be a delicate fish ; found four dead to-day ; it seems this fro.sty 

 weather kills them, as was observed last year. The hybrids between S. fontinalis 

 and )S'. leveiictisis are in the same pond, but none have died, so 1 conclude the cross 

 with the trout has enabled the breed to stand the cold. Water is four feet deep. 



Struan Hybrids, or between American and British char. 



Day, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1884, p. 379. 



November 12th, 1883. — Some eggs of the American char, Stilvw fontinalis, were 

 milted from a Scotch char, S. alpinus; the deaths among the incubating eggs were, 

 in November 28, December 193, January 1028— or a total of 1449 deaths. On 

 March 13th, 1884, there appealed to be about 500 alevins doing well ; and on 

 April 24th, 1885, they were mixed with the other struans in pond no. 5. 



Struan Hybrids, or between American and British char. 



Day, Troc. Zool. Soc. 1884, p. 379. 



December 1st, 1883. — Some eggs of the American char were milted fi-om a 



• B. xi, D. 13 (Jj), P. 13, V. 8-0, A. ^LV. C 10, L. 1. 158, Cn?c. pyl. 32.37 :— 



Length of examine .... 7'3 inches . ID'S inches. 



,, bead . . . . lo ,, . 21 ,, 



,, pectorallin . . . . 1"2 ,, . 1'9 ,, 



,, caudal . . . . . 1'2 „ . 1'5 ,, 



ventral . . . . .GO,, . 1-5 „ 



Height of body . . . . . 1-9 „ . 2-9 „ 



Eyes, diameter of . . . . .OS,, . 04 ,, 



Eyes from end of snout .... O-l „ . 08 ,, 



Eyes apart . . . . .05,, . O'S ,, 



Distance from snout to dorsal fiu . . 3-0 ,, . 4-6 ,, 



,, base of pectoral to base of ventral 2 2 ,, . 2i ,, 



,, base of ventral to anal . . 1'4 ,, . I'O ,, 



The larger of these two examples was a male taken October 15th, 1886, and is ligurcd on 

 plate xi. 



