CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 



List of Illustrations vii 



Introduction 1 



The Waters of North Carolina 3 



The three physiographic sections of the state 3 



The coastal region 4 



The rivers of tlie Atlantic coast 8 



The rivers of the Mississippi drainage basin 12 



The Fish Fauna of North Carolina 14 



Sources of information 14 



General character of the fauna 18 



Fishes first described from North Carolina waters 19 



Fishes found only in North Carolina 21 



Fishes not previously recorded from North Carolina waters 21 



The local names of the fishes 22 



Systematic Catalogue of North Carolina Fishes 25 



Explanatory notes 25 



The classes of fishes and fish-like vertebrates 26 



Class Leptocardii. The leptocardians 27 



Order Amphioxi. The cirristomes 27 



Class Marsipobranchii. The pouch-gilled animals 28 



Order Hyperoartii. The hy^Deroartians 28 



Class Pisces. The fishes 29 



Sub-class Selachii. The sharks, skates, and rays 29 



Order Diplospondyli. The notidanoid sharks 29 



Order Asterospondyli. The typical sharks 31 



Order Cyclospondyli. The cyclospondylous sharks 37 



Order Batoidea. The skates and rays 38 



Sub-class Teleostomi. The true fishes 49 



Order Selachostomi. The shark-mouthed ganoids 54 



Order Chondrostei. The cartilaginous ganoids 55 



Order Rhomboganoidea. The rhomboid ganoids. 58 



Order Cycloganoidea. The cylindrical ganoids 59 



Order Nematognathi. The whiskered fishes 61 



Order Plectospondyli. The carp-like fishes 71 



Order Apodes. The eels 107 



Order Isospondyli. The clupeoid and salmonoid fishes 114 



Order Iniomi. The lantern-fishes 138 



Order Haplomi. The pikes and pike-like fishes 140 



Order Sjmentognathi. The gars, half-beaks, and flying-fishes 156 



Order Hemibranchii. The half-gills 168 



Order Lophobranchii. The tuft-gilled fishes 169 



Order Acanthopterygii. The spiny-rayed fishes '. 173 



Sub-order Heterosomata. The flat-fishes 385 



Order Pediculati. The pediculate fishes 398 



Glossary of Terms Used in Describing Fishes 403 



