14 FISHES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



THE FISH FAUNA OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



SOURCES OF INFORMATION. 



The information regarding the fish life of North Carolina in the form of 

 printed reports, manuscripts, and collections which has been available to the 

 author has been entirely adequate for the preparation of a complete annotated 

 catalogue of the fishes of all parts of the state; and it may safely be assumed that 

 but few species regularly inhabiting the state are unknown. North Carolina 

 has received an exceptional amount of attention from ichthyologists, and both 

 its fresh and its salt waters have been quite thoroughly examined with reference 

 to their fish life. There remain only a few waters where further collecting would 

 be likely to yield interesting results, and perhaps add to the number of species 

 known from the state; these are the Hiawassee, Little Tennessee, Pigeon, New, and 

 Dan rivers; the coastal region adjacent to the mouth of the Cape Fear; and the 

 extensive lowlands stretching from the Cape Fear to the South Carolina border. 



Some of the best-known American zoiJlogists aild ichthyologists have studied 

 the fishes of the state in the field, and have made reports based on their collec- 

 tions and observations. Associated with our knowledge of the fish life of the 

 state are the names of such prominent biologists as Spencer F. Baird, Edward D. 

 Cope, Elliott Coues, G. Brown Goode, WiUiam Stimpson, Theodore Gill, David 

 S. Jordan, Charles H. Gilbert, Tarleton H. Bean, Barton W. Evermann, W. K. 

 Brooks, Henry V. Wilson, Oliver P. Jenkins, and Seth E. Meek. Many other 

 persons well-known in fish culture, or in scientific or economic work connected 

 with the fisheries, have also made North Carolina the scene of their operations or 

 North Carolina fishes and fisheries the objects of their attention; among such 

 have been Charles Hallock, Henry C. Yarrow, Marshall McDonald, R. Edward 

 Earll, James W. ^lilner, Pierre L. Jouy, W. deC. Ravenel, Stephen G. Worth, 

 Caswell Grave, Barton A. Bean, William C. Kendall, and Charles H. BoUman. 



The fresh-water fishes of North Carolina have been the subject of many 

 investigations and reports, the most important of which are here mentioned. 

 Various other reports which were of minor scope or in which North Carolina 

 fishes are considered only incidentally are noted in the bibliography (page 419). 



During the fall of 1869, Professor Cope visited the basins of the Tennessee, 

 Catawba, Yadkin, and Neuse, and in 1870 published a report, based on his obser- 

 vations and collections, entitled " A partial list of the fishes of the fresh waters of 

 North Carolina", which appeared in the Proceedings of the American Philo- 

 sophical Society, 1870. 



The streams of the Alleghany region of North Carolina were investigated in 

 the summer of 1888 by Dr. Jordan, assisted by Professors Jenkins, Evermann, 

 Meek, and jMr. Bollman, under the auspices of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and 

 extensive collections, comprising many new species, were made. The results of 

 this work were embodied in a "Report of explorations made during 1888 in the 

 Alleghah}^ region of Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee, and in Western 

 Indiana, with an account of the fishes found in each of the river basins of those 



