22 



FISHES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



Salt-water Fishes — Continued: 

 Pseudopriacanthus altus 

 Lutianiis blackfordi 

 Lutianus griseus 

 Lutianus apodes 

 Lutianus analis 

 Otrynter caprinus 

 Calamus leucosteus 

 Eucinostomus pseudogula 

 Cynoscion nothus 

 Larimus fasciatus 

 Stellifer lauceolatus 

 Eques acuminatus 

 Lachnolaimus maximus 

 Doratonotus megalepis 

 Xyrichthys psittacus 

 Sparisoma niphobles 

 Chajtodon ocellatus 



Hepatus hepatus 

 Hepatus bahianus 

 Balistes carolinensis 

 Ceratacanthus punctatus 

 Lactophrys triqueter 

 Spheroides spcngleri 

 Diodon hystrix 

 Chilomycterus antillarum 

 Mola mola 

 Scorpsena plumieri 

 Scorpsena brasiliensis 

 Microgobius holinesi 

 Microgobius eulepis 

 Gobiesox virgatulus 

 Syacium papillosum 

 Citharichthys spilopterus 

 Ogcocephalus vespertilio 



Fresh-water arid Anadromous Fishes: 

 Petromyzon marinus 

 Hiodon selenops 

 Fundulus nottii 

 Heterandria formosa 

 Chologaster cornutus 



Copelandellus quiescens 

 Elassoma evergladei 

 Elassoma zonaUun 

 Mesogonistius chsetodon 

 Dormitator maculatus 



THE LOCAL NAMES OF THE FISHES. 



In the following systematic list, every name known to be applied by North 

 Carolinians to the fishes of the state is given, along with other common names 

 which the fishes bear in other parts of the country, the local names being distin- 

 guished by quotation marks. From the index of common names (page 425) it 

 will be possible to find the detailed account of any species. 



A knowledge of the local names of the fishes of the state is not without 

 value, and it is a matter of some historical as well as ichthyological interest to 

 record the early names applied to the various species and to compare them with 

 the present designations. With the advent of fishermen from other states and 

 with the extension of knowledge of the fishes the original local names will in 

 time be supplemented or supplanted. 



One of the most entertaining lists of the vernacular names of North Carolina 

 fishes is that embodied in Lawson's "A new voyage to Carolina". It is inter- 

 esting to note that nearly all of the fishes named are easily recognizable, that 

 most of them still bear the same names, and that certain names now in use are 

 perhaps there recorded for the first time. Among the salt-water fishes of the 

 state he mentions "thrashers" (thrasher sharks), two sorts of sharks, "paracooda- 

 noses" and "shovel-noses", "dog-fish" (the small shark so called), "divel-fish" 

 (the giant ray), "scate or stingray", "sword-fish" (saw-fish), "Spanish mack- 



