204 FISHES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



u. Soft dorsal and anal fins much elevated in front, the rays less numerous than above; teeth 

 in upper jaw in a band, in lower jaw in single series. 

 b. Breast without scales, except small patch before ventrals; outer teeth in upper jaw 



canine; bony plates in lateral line 30 hippos. 



bb. Breast entirely covered with scales; outer teeth in jaw not canine. 



c. Body rather elongate, depth less than .33 length; bony plates in lateral line 50; soft 



dorsal rays i,24 crysos. 



cc. Body shorter, depth .4 length; bony plates in lateral line 35; soft dorsal rays 

 1,22 latus. 



The cavallies do not figure prominently in the fisheries of the state, being 

 held in little esteem and not especially sought. The total catch in 1902 was 

 13,900 pounds, which sold for $164. 

 {Caranx, a corruption of a Portuguese or French name for these fishes). 



175. CARANX BARTHOLOMJEI Cuvier & Valenciennes. 

 Yellow Jack. 



Caranx bartholomoei Cu\'ier & Valenciennes, Histoire Naturelle des Poisson-!, ix, 1)&, 1833; St. Bartholomew 

 Island. Jenkins, 1885, 11; Beaufort. Jordan, 1886, 27; Beaufort. Jenkins. 1887, 88; Beaufort; 

 Jordan & Evermann, 1896, 919; West Indies to North Carolina. 



Caranx beatii Jordan, Proceedings U. S. National Museum, iii, 188 ), 486; Beaufort. 



Diagnosis. — Body deep, compressed, the depth contained 2.8 times in length; head not 

 much compressed, .33 length; maxillary not extending to pupil; eye shorter than snout; gill- 

 rakers long; soft dorsal, anal, and caudal fins densely scaled; plates in lateral line 28; dorsal 

 rays viii + i,27, soft part slightly falcate; anal rays ii + i,23; pectorals falcate, a little shorter 

 than head and extending beyond front of anal. Color: bluish silvery, with golden suffusion; 

 fins pale yellow; young with golden spots. (Named after the island of St. Bartholomew.) 



This species, which is common in the West Indies, occasionally strays to the 

 coast of Florida and North Carolina. Two small specimens seined in Beaufort 

 Harbor by Drs. Jordan and Gilbert in 1878 were made the basis of a new species, 

 Caranx heani, which is now considered synonymous with Caranx hartholomcei. 

 Dr. Jenkins obtained several specimens at Beaufort in the summer of 1885. On 

 August 4, 1905, Mr. C. B. Wilson seined in the harbor a specimen now preserved 

 at the laboratory. 



176. CARANX RUBER (Bloch). 

 Crevalle; Carbonero. 



Scomber ruber Bloch, Ichthyologie, pi. 342, 1793; island of St. Croix. 

 Caranx ruber, Jordan & Evermann, 1896, 919. 



Diagnosis. — Depth contained about 3.5 times in total length; head about equal to depth) 

 maxillary barely reaching front of eye and contained 2.75 times in head; no canine teeth in 

 jaws; diameter of eye less than .25 head; snout more than .3 head; scutes 25 to 30, lateral line 

 not strongly arched; dorsal rays vii + i,26 to 28, the anterior rays of soft dorsal more than .3 

 head; anal rays ii + i,22; pectoral fins as long as head. Color: bluish above, silvery below; 

 an obscure horizontal blue stripe below dorsal; dorsal yellowish; lower lobe of caudal with a 

 blackish bar; other fins plain, {ruber, red, an inappropriate name based on a drawing errone- 

 ously colored.) 



In August, 1906, a specimen of this fish about 8 inches long was caught in 

 Beaufort Harbor, and is now in the laboratory collection. This species has not 

 heretofore been recorded from the United States, but is common in the West 

 Indies. 



