SYSTEMATIC CATALOGUE OF FISHES. 



269 



mington, and in January, 1906, forwarded a specimen to the writer with the 

 following interesting note on the species: 



I found Copelandellus near Wilmington in a cj'press pond about 10 miles in circumference, 

 cut off from tide water by a high dam. In this place there are Centrarchus and many other 

 kinds of basses and sunfishes, as well as minnows and a great abundance of prawns. Tliis 

 species is also to be found in ditches into which the tide flows to the depth of several inches to 

 a foot and where Fundulus, Gambusia, Heterandria, Umbra, Chologaster, Elassomn, Aphredo- 

 derus, and sunfishes abound. Copelandelhis will stand warm and stagnant water better than 

 any other darter 1 know of. I had specimens to spawn in a small still-water aquarium at 

 Wilmington. The eggs were deposited on the under side of the leaves of lilies and other plants. 

 The fish reaches a length of 2.5 or 3 inches. 





Fig. 118. Copeland's Dartek. Copelandellus quiescens. 



This species is known also from Lake Ellis in Craven County, where Mr. 

 C. S. Brimley reports that he collected 15 specimens in June, 1905. 



Family APOGONICHTHYID^. The Cardinal-fishes. 



A numerous family of small fishes, found chiefly in tropical seas and most 

 abundant in the East Indies and Oceania. Body elongate, usually compressed, 

 back often elevated; mouth rather large, more or less oblique, with villiform teeth 

 on jaws, vomer, and sometimes palatines; lower bones of pharynx with sharp 

 teeth; opercular spine inconspicuous; edge of preopercle entire or slightly ser- 

 rated; scales rather large, usually ctenoid, completely covering body and more or 

 less of head; lateral line present; dorsal fins separate, the anterior with 6 to 9 

 spines; soft dorsal short and similar to anal, which has 2 to 4 spines; ventrals 

 thoracic; color in some species bright red. The 9 or 10 American genera are 

 represented by about 20 species, of which only 1 is known from the North Caro- 

 lina coast, but several others occur as stragglers to the north and south and may 

 sometime be found locally. 



Genus HYPOCLYDONIA Goode & Bean. 



Very small bottom fishes, completely covered with deciduous, smooth 

 scales, those of head embedded in skin; 2 flat spines on opercle; minute serrations 

 on preopercle; stout gill-rakers in moderate number; 7 branchiostegals; a gland- 

 ular organ at upper angle of gill-slit; high lateral hne; and well-developed fins. 

 One species. (Hypoclydonia, below the wave.) 



