SYSTEMATIC CATALOGUE OF FISHES. 



381 



there found, the cod, is the most vaUuable of the entire family. The 2 following 



genera are in the local fauna: 



i. Dorsal fin divided into 3 separate parts; anal fin divided into 2 parts; ventral fins large, 



expanded, with 7 rays Gadus. 



u. Dorsal fin divided into 2 separate parts; anal fin long, undivided; ventral fins filamentous, 

 with 2 rays Urophycis. 



Genus GADUS Linnaeus. Cods. 



This genus contains the true cods, with moderately elongate body which is 

 compressed posteriorly and tapers to the rather narrow peduncle; large head, 

 contracted anteriorly; large mouth, with teeth on jaws and vomer; barbel on 

 chin; pale lateral line; very small scales; large air-bladder; 3 dorsal fins, 2 anal 

 fins, ventral fins with 7 rays. Important food fishes of northern waters; only 1 

 species on east coast of the United States. {Gadus, a Latin name, equivalent to 

 the English word cod.) 



329. GADUS CALLARIAS Linnaeus. 

 "Cod". 



Gadus callarias Linnffius, Systema Naturae, ed. x, 252, 175S; European seas. Jordan & Evermann, 1898, 2541 



pi. ccclxi, fig. 891. 

 Gadus morrhua, Goode, 1886, 202; south to Cape Hatteras and Ocracoke Inlet. 



Diagnosis. — Greatest depth about .25 length; head large, its length about equal to 

 depth; maxillary extending as far as pupil; jaw teeth sharp, in narrow bands; snout .33 length 

 of head, eye small, .5 length of snout; scales minute; lateral line curved anteriorly, straight 

 posteriorly; dorsal rays 14 + 21 + 19; height of first dorsal about .5 length of head; anal rays 

 20+18; caudal square or slightly concave; pectorals broad, .5 length of head; ventrals small, 

 much shorter than pectorals. Color: variable; body yellowish, reddish, brownish, or greenish 

 above, whitish below; back and sides with numerous round brown spots; lateral line always 

 pale; fins plain, {callarias, an old name for the cod.) 



Gadus callarias. 



This well known species, which supports very important fisheries in the 

 North Atlantic Ocean, on the coasts and "banks" of America and Europe, in the 

 United States is more valuable than any other single marine species, the annual 

 catch being worth several millions of dollars. There is a special cod fishery in 

 all the states from New^ Jersey northward, but the great bulk of the fishing is 

 carried on from Maine and Massachusetts ports. 



