I50 SAGACITY AND MORALITY OF PLANTS. 



These " prickles " and " thorns " have been evolved 



Fig- 57- — Portion of stem and transverse 

 section of Rubies rhaninifoluis. 



Fig. 58. — Portion of stem and 

 transverse section of R . ccesius. 



Fig. 59. — Portion of stem and transverse 

 section of R. glandtdosus. 





Fig. 60. — Portion of stem and trans- 

 verse section of R. rudis. 



from many sides. Sometimes they are merely 



