78 BULLETIN OF THE LIVERPOOL MUSEUMS. 
were a very large number, several thousands, of implements, some of them 
of forms not represented in his collection of the year before. Out of this 
collection the Mayer Museum has also secured a series of the more 
interesting and important forms. 
Mr. Seton-Karr traversed also a wide strip of desert on both sides of the 
Nile, and collected in many places, such as near Esna, Abydos, Naqada, Nagh 
Hamadi, and Thebes, numerous implements of “ paleolithic” types lying, 
not in workshops or near mines, but indiscriminately on the surface of the 
ground on the high plateaux. Of these likewise the Museum has acquired a 
series. 
In addition to the above, typical representatives out of the collection made 
by the same traveller in Somaliland, and described by Sir John Evans before 
the Royal Society of London in 1898, have been received. These last were 
obtained about 85 miles 8. W. of Berbera, near Jalelo, on the right bank of the 
Isutugan River. 
Although reference will be made in the following pages to the collections 
from the surface of the desert and Somaliland, only the implements from the 
mines in the Wady el Sheikh (the whole of which the Museum acquired) and 
in the Wady Sojoor will be described in detail. These comprise about 2000 
specimens, but in the figures on pages 82 to 96 nearly all the important 
types are pourtrayed. A considerable number are roughly blocked out 
implements laid down in an unfinished state, while the majority are specimens 
which, by an unlucky stroke when they were partially made, broke in 
two, and were dropped from the hands of the artificer upon the ground, 
where the two pieces have lain in close relationship undisturbed since that 
time till the present day. 
The material of which the implements are made is chiefly a yellowish 
brown or pale grey, opaque, earthy chert, and is but rarely of the 
translucent chalcedonic variety we are more familiar with from the chalk 
of England ; some of them, however, are of siliceous limestone, containing 
both magnesium and calcium carbonates. The collection may be classified 
for the purposes of description into the following groups :—(@) bangles or 
bracelets ; (>) hatchet and chisel-like tools ; (¢c) leaf-shaped flints ; (d) knife- 
like instruments ; (¢) hoes, clod-breakers, or agricultural implements; (/) 
fabricators ; (g) scrapers; (1) cores and flakes ; and (7) nondescript worked 
stones. 
(a) Bangles or Bracelets.—What was intended to be such an 
ornament is represented on page 82, Fig. 8. It is unfortunately incomplete, 
and apparently was broken in the process of finishing. This bracelet 
had before its accident an internal diameter of about 2 inches; and an 
external one of 3} inches. It does not require to be pointed out how dextrous 
the artificer must have been who succeeded in making many such ornaments ; 
or, that these when made must have been considered of great value. Only 
comparatively few bangles similar to these have been found. There are two 
complete specimens—twins in form and flaking to that here figured—in the 
Pitt-Rivers Museum in Oxford, which were described and pictured by General 
Pitt-Rivers in the Journal of the Anthropological Institute in 1881, vol. xi., 
p- 385, plate xxxi. There he so speaks of them :—‘I had for some years 
possessed two flint bracelets, which had attracted the attention of anthro- 
pologists on account of their excellent workmanship. . . They were 
found in one of the tombs near Koorneh, but no further particulars respecting 
them had reached me. These objects being unique, so far as I know, and 
being undoubtedly genuine, it had always struck me as singular that so 
unsuitable a material as flint should have been employed for the purpose. 
The bracelets are entirely formed by chipping, no grinding or polishing being 
