44 BULLETIN OF THE LIVERPOOL MUSEUMS. 
Richard Caton. It was very similar to the specimens described above ; 
there was a suture connecting the left perforation with the lambda, and the 
holes were filled up by cribriform membranes. They were situated at the 
postero-superior angles of the parietal bones, and there was an additional per- 
foration in the median line in the supra-occipital bone. The sagittal suture 
was partially obliterated. 

Fic. 7. —Lrverroon Cranium (c) compared Frc. 8.—Basek oF Liverpoot CRANIUM (c) 
with normal Irish cranium (a) and compared with the average of two 
that of microcephalic idiot (b), as normal European crania (a). 
figured by Cunningham and Telford 
Smith (*. . . . *=Basi-cranial Axis). 
In all, ten cases of parietal perforations have been previously recorded. 
Besides Humphry’s and Turner’s examples, Wrany (3) has recorded four 
cases; Broca (4) is responsible for three, and D. M. Greig (7), formerly 
Demonstrator of Anatomy in University College, Dundee, has described one 
case. 
Of Wrany’s four cases (3) one appears to be an example of mere enlarge- 
ment of the normal parietal foramen, the left being the larger of the two 
perforations and big enough to admit a raven’s quill. Of Broca’s cases, one, 
a negro cranium (5), is also an example of an enlarged parietal foramen. 
Greig’s case is particularly interesting from the fact that the subject is a 
soldier who was alive at the beginning of the year (8). The condition in this 
case is known to be congenital. The pulsation of the brain can be felt 
beneath the perforations, and the scalp is freely movable over them. 
With the three examples described above, we are acquainted altogether 
with eleven certain, and thirteen possible examples of double parietal per- 
forations. They present, taken together, three points more or less in 
common : (1) the position of the perforations in the position of the normal 
parietal foramen at the postero-superior angles of the parietal bones; (2) 
the microcephalic character of the cranium, referred to in four cases— 
Turner’s, one of Broca’s (Baron Larrey’s ease), Greig’s case, and the cranium 
from the Liverpool Museum ; and (3) the partial or complete obliteration of 
sutures referred to in five cases—three Liverpool cases, Turner’s, and one of 
Wrany’s cases. 

