14 



The origin of a volcanic cone was traced to the gradual 

 accumulation around the vent, of so-called ashes and cinders, often 

 mingled with lava flows. The old "crater of elevation theory" 

 was referred to only to be discarded. The formation of a cinder- 

 conu of great size was illustrated by a description of the origin of 

 Monte Nuovo, which is a conical hill upwards of 400 feet high, 

 known to have been formed in 1538 by the accumulation of solid 

 ejectamenta in the c lurse of 48 hours. As a general illustration of 

 the liistory of a vulcanic mountain, the story of Vesuvius was told 

 in some detail. 



Brief reference was finally made to the former occurrence of 

 volc:.nic activity in the British area. The old lavas of the Giant's 

 Causeway and the "Western Scottish Tsles Avere described as the 

 latest examples of volcanic products in this region, but the lingering 

 effects of subterranean heat were evident in our thermal springs at 

 Bath and elsewhere. Such phenomena as those of the Essex 

 earthquake on April 22, 1884, serve to remind us that the crust 

 of the earth beneath our very feet may at any time assume a 

 dangerously unstable condition. 



TUESDAY, OCTOBER 4th. 



The third Lecture on "Richard Wagner" was given by 

 Carl Ambruster, Esq. 



The Lecture was illustrated by a series of extracts from the 

 Tetralogy — " The Ring of the Niblung,"— which was performed by 

 Miss Pauline Cramer and by the Lecturer. 



The pianoforte Avas kindly lent for the occasion by Messrs, 

 Broadwood. 



TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 1st. 



A Lecture, entitled "Hints to Amateurs in Photography," 

 was delivered by Professor J. Millar Thomson, F.R.S.E., F.C.S., 

 Lecturer on Photography at King's College. 



At the commencement the Lecturer gave a short history of 



