24 



Mr. J. Wellings was elected a member of the Club; 



Seven gentlemen were proposed for membership. 



A lecture was delivered bv PROFESSOR T. G. BONNEY, M.A., F.fi.S., 

 &c., on " THE OLD VOLCANOES OF BRITAIN." 



'J he lecturer commenced by comparing the present condition of Britain 

 with the active volcanic districts of the globe, and stated that our islands had 

 been the scene of volcanic outbursts on as grand a scale as those which had 

 recently taken place in Java. The structure of volcanic mountains was 

 described, being built up of loose materials and molten rock in a conical 

 form, with a central pipe or crater communicating with the interior portions 

 of the earth. The various volcanic rocks were enumerated and their classifi- 

 cation explained as being based on the quantity of silica contained in them. 

 Prof. Bonney described the classification of the sedimentan,- rocks from the 

 oldest or Paleozoic through the Mesozoic to the Tertiary and recent epochs, 

 with their subdivisions into systems. The positions of the chief centres of 

 volcanic action were pointed out in North and South Wales, Shropshire, 

 Charnwood Forest, Derbyshire, and parts of Scotland. In the earliest 

 geological time, known as the Pre-Cambrian epoch, volcanic eruptions took 

 place on a grand scale, the remains of which are seen in the Wrekin and 

 Charnwood Forest, St. David's Head in South Wales, and in Scotland. In 

 Cambrian and Silurian times enormous masses of rock, many thousands of 

 feet in thickness, were formed by the lavas and ashes ejected by volcanoes 

 in the Lake District and parts of North Wales, Snowdon being composed of 

 volcanic materials ejected at this period. During the Devonian Period Scot- 

 land possessed several large volcanoes in the Grampians. The structure of 

 the hill known as Arthur's Seat, near Edinburgh, was explained as being 

 the denuded remains of a volcano, which was active during the Coal Period. 

 In Miocene times Scotland was the scene of great volcanic activity, the 

 remains of these volcanoes being well seen in the islands of Sine, Mull, 

 and Rum. The lecturer described in detail the structure of the Isle of Eig, 

 on the west coast of Scotland, showing that it is the portion of a lava 

 stream which had flowed from a volcano at a considerable distance, and 

 which had long since been destroyed by denudation. The lecturer con- 

 cluded by a reference to the enormous length of time occupied by these 

 various geological changes. A vote of thanks to Prof. Bonney was proposed 

 by Mr. F. W. Rudler, F.G.S., and seconded by Mr. F. Baines, and, after 

 some remarks by Dr. Hicks, F.G.S., was carried unanimously. Prof. Bonney 

 having replied, the meeting terminated. 



NOVEMBER 14th, 1883.— ORDINARY MEETING. 



MR. G. DOUGLAS PIDCOCK, B.A., M.B., 



Vice-President, in the Chair. 



The Minutes of the previous meeting were read and confirmed. The dona- 

 tions to the Museum were announced, and the donors thanked. 



The following gentlemen were elected members of the Club : Mr. A. G. 

 Cowell, Dr. L. Siiss Hahnemann, Mr. L. S. B. Hahnemann, Mr. H. P. Hill, 

 Rev. J. Kirkman, Mr. T. C. Matheson, and Dr. Richard Neale. One gentle- 

 man was proposed for election. 



The PRESIDENT delivered a lecture on "THE MECHANISM OF THE 

 VERTEBRATE HEART." After a few preliminary remarks on the structure 

 and functions of the blood in various animals, the lecturer described the me- 

 chanism of the circulatiun in various classes, aad compared the development 



