JORDAN AND JORDAN: FISHES OF HAWAII. 63 



preopercle with small serrse; angle with a stout curved spine reaching nearly to 

 base of pectoral; a sharp spine about one fifth as long just below it. 



Scales on sides large, those above lateral line much smaller, merging into the 

 scaly sheath of the dorsal fin; scales on belly much smaller; lateral line ending 

 below last ray of dorsal; dorsal and anal scaly almost to their tips. Dorsal and 

 anal rather high ; the tips angular, reaching beyond base of the rounded caudal ; 

 ventrals filamentous, almost reaching front of anal, as long as head; pectorals a 

 little shorter. 



The colors in life, as correctly stated by Jordan and Scale, " Fishes of Samoa," 

 p. 348, are as follows : 



Ground-color deep orange, or copper-red, clearer below; the head, back, and 

 vertical fins blue-black, the color forming about eighteen narrow cross-streaks on 

 side as wide as the ground-color; breast and belly orange; the lips and spines 

 violet ; lower lip very bright blue ; anal and dorsal edged with blue ; caudal with 

 a broader blue stripe inside the margin; pectoral yellow, dusky at base; ventral 

 orange, edged with blackish in spines, coppery red, more or less faded, with about 

 twenty vertical black cross-bars a shade wider than the interspaces, which are 

 about equal to the pupil; breast plain light orange, bars growing irregular below; 

 without distinct markings; dorsal, anal, and caudal black, unmarked (dorsal and 

 anal figured by Glinther with small blue spots) ; pectorals and ventrals pale, the 

 ventral filament edged with black. 



This handsome little fish has had a rather unfortunate fate in the synonymy. 

 It was first noticed by Giinther ("Fische der Siidsee," II, p. 51, Tafel LVI), under 

 the name of Holacanthus bispinosus, a name originally given by Giinther to a speci- 

 men described by Bleeker from AmbojTia under the erroneous name of Holacanthus 

 diacanthus. But Bleeker's fish and the present one, as shown by Bleeker's figure, 

 differ in color and in the armature of the preopercle. The true bispinosus, as 

 figured, has much stronger spines on the lower limb of the preopercle, and the 

 suborbital is very strongly serrate. The color is also very different, being .yellow, 

 with regular brown cross-bands, the caudal pale. Gimther claims to have had 

 specimens in the British Museum from the New Hebrides, and one, in bad condition, 

 from Hawaii, collected by Garrett. Presumably his figure, which represents, but 

 none too well, our Ceritropyge tutuilce, was drawai from a New Hebrides example, 

 colored after a sketch made by Parkinson in Tahiti. 



The only Hawaiian record is that of Gimther, mentioned above. Two speci- 

 mens were obtained by Jordan and Kellogg at Pago Pago, Tutuila. One of these 

 is the type of Centropyge tuhiikv, and served also for the colored jilate drawn by 



