FUNGI. 219 



but some are pale yellow or lead-colour. The size of 

 these cups is generally very small (^ of an inch or less), 

 but the dark red cups of some Pezizae are 2-3 inches in 

 diameter. Ascomycetes {Discoinycetes). 



Fig. 28. — Forms of Fungi, (i) Polyporus betulinus. (2) P. connatus. 

 (3) Puff-ball, Lycoperdon showing the escape of spores ; (4) Birds-nest (Cruci- 

 bulum vulgare) ; (/>) pores on lower surface ; {g) spore-bearing pan in section. 

 Figures 1-3 greatly reduced. 



IV. Black dots found on sticks, herbaceous stalks, 

 wood or bark (Sphaerias), and cinnabar- red spots, very 

 common on dead wood and small twigs (Nectria). 

 Ascomycetes ( Pyrenoiuycctes). 



V. Orange, brown, or black lines, or round dots found on 

 the living leaves or stems of herbaceous plants. Black 

 dust in corn, etc. Rust and Smut Fungi. Aecidiomycetes. 



VI. Grey or wMte mildews on living plants, generally 

 on the underside of the leaves. Potato Disease Group. 

 Oomycetes. 



VII. The Slime Fungi occur either as jelly-like, form- 

 less bodies, or, in fruit, resemble very minute sacks full 

 of spores. They are little round balls or more often 

 with a supporting stalk, and resemble tiny cham- 

 pagne glasses or egg-cups. They will be found in very 



