506 MR. TRIMEN ON MIMETIC ANALOGIES AMONG AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 



of Danais appear to exist side by side at Sierra Leone and in Ashanti ; and it is probable 

 that the mimiclvers of Damocles will eyentually be found in those localities from which 

 Diaclema dubia has already been brought. 



2. Danais Egialea, Cram. 



Danais Egialea, Pap. Exot. pi. 192. fig. D. 



This Danais has apparently a less extensive range than D. Damocles, inhabiting 

 Sierra Leone, Cape Palmas, and Ashanti. It is most exactly copied by Diaclema dubia. 

 Pal. de Beauv., the only noticeable difference being that the Diadema has three or four 

 additional dots near the hind margin of the hind wings. There are specimens of this 

 Diadema in the British Museum, from Sierra Leone and Ashanti; and in Mr. Hewitson's 

 collection, from Calabar. Palisot de Beauvois records it as a native of Oware and Benin, 

 the latter district being situated between Ashanti and Calabar. 



3. Danais Echeria, StoU. (Tab. XLII. figg. 3, 7.) 



Danais Echeria, Suppl. Cramer, Pap. Exot. t. 29. figg. 1, 1 a. 

 Vaillantiana, Godt. Enc. Meth. ix. p. 183. uo. 25. 



D. Echeria is a widely-spread and abundant butterfly throughout the wooded parts of 

 South Africa, where it takes the place of its tropical ally, D. Egialea. Like the latter, 

 it has an exact imitation in a Diadema, which, though nearly allied to D. dubia, appears 

 to be distinct*. But Echeria has no less than three other imitators in the genus Fapilio, 

 the two more accurate mimickers — P. echerioides, Trimen, ? , and P. Merope, Cram., ? 

 {=Cenea, Stoll) — being females of very dissimilar males, and the thii-d a variety of 

 P. Leonidas, Pab., which seems only to occur in South Africa beyond the tropic, and 

 in which the pale markings are almost or wholly devoid of the green or greenish colouring 

 of the type-form, and several of the lesser sjiots generally wanting. All these mimicking 

 species are much rarer than the Danais — especially the Diadema, of which I met with 

 only two examples in Natal, and have seen but five others in collections. Fapilio eche- 



continuous, not interrupted on median nervure ; subapical bar interrupted, narrower, more macular. Hind, wing : 

 whitish basal space reduced to a small ovate marking, occupying discoidal cell (and extending beyond and above it), 

 weU defined, instead of gradually fading into the ground-colour ; the submarginal white spots much smaller, some 

 of them occasionally wanting ; ground-colour darker than in D. dahia. Undeesibe. — As in Z). dubia, but with the 

 white bars differing in the same manner as on the upperside. 



Hab. Angola. 



In the coUectiou of the British Museum. 



* I append a diagnosis of this species : — 



Diadema umiA, n. sp. (Tab. XLIII. fig. 7.) 



Exp. 3 in. 7 lin.-.3 in. 8| lin. Nearly allied to D. ditbia, Pal. de Beauv. Fore wing : white spot next base, Ln 

 discoidal cell, much smaller, or nearly obsolete ; subapical white band narrower, and distinctly composed of three 

 spots ; white spots of submarginal row smaller ; no trace of ochroous scaling on inner margin. Hind wing : pale 

 central space broader, uniformly yellow-ochrcoug. Undeesibe. — Differs similarly from that of D. dubia : white spots 

 at bases of wings smaller. Fore iving : the bluish edging of the larger markings entirely wanting. Sexes similar. 



Hab. Natal. 



In the Collections of the South- African Museum, W. C. Hewitson, and R. Trimen. 



