134 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [maR. 11, 
migenius), the mammoth, the cave-hyena, the cave-bear, and the 
badger ; also two nearly complete human skeletons, which form 
the special subjects of the two memoirs. Of these skeletons, 
one was much dismembered and the cranium broken into about 
forty pieces. The second skeleton was much better preserved ; 
it was resting on its right side, with the hand under the lower 
jaw ; probably both were buried entire, and the subsequent in- 
juries received were due to the fall of heavy masses of rock. 
The anatomical features of these skulls and skeletons are such 
as unite them with the other remains of the most ancient hu- 
man race known,—that of Neanderthal, Canstadt, etc., of which 
they form by far the most complete and interesting representa- 
tives. The stature of these men was low, but they were very 
robust ; the crania of good capacity, but having the forehead 
much depressed ; the posterior portion of the skull expanded ; 
the femur curved ; the tibia mot flattened, and the arm as short 
relatively as in any men of the present day. Among living races, 
the Eskimos and the Finns are most like the men of Spy, and 
may prove to be their descendants. . 
The detailed examination of these Belgian remains, presented 
in the full report of MM. Fraipont and Lohest, sets forth the 
view that with a skull and body entirely human in character 
there are combined a number of anatomical features resembling 
those of the anthropoid apes,—the assemblage being more 
marked than in any human race yet known. These features are 
mainly,—a powerful development of the superciliary ridges and 
the frontal sinus; a low, retreating forehead ; a large occipital 
prominence ; a small development of the chin; a marked prog- 
nathous tendency, with acentral elevation of the row of teeth, 
beginning at the canines; a curvature of both arm and leg ; 
a small-sized tibia; and the general bearing of the form when 
in the erect position. 
The authors conclude by saying :—‘‘ In comparing the race of 
Neanderthal with those that appeared successively after it,—the 
race of Cro-Magnon, those of Furfooz, of the Neolithic period, 
and of the present,—we observe that the pithecoid features have 
more and more diminished, and have one after another disap- 
peared. Some of them may still be found among the lowest 
races, or may reappear by atavism among European individu- 
als. It may be that single features of this kind could even now 
recur, more markedly than in the man of Spy ; but so large a 
number of pithecoid characters could not be found unless in the 
most ancient race of human beings yet known. Moreover, we 
believe that we have shown that the Chelléan man, the prede- | 
cessor of those of Neanderthal and Spy,—who led a wandering 
life under the open sky, who. chipped the amygdaloidal flints, 
