XIV PREFACE, 
Dr. J. G. Cooper. After the termination of their official duties with the survey, Dr. Suckley 
made a very extensive collection of birds at the Dalles, and on Puget’s Sound, and Dr. Cooper 
at Shoalwater bay, on Puget’s Sound, and at Santa Clara, California. 
2. 387TH AND 39TH PARALLELS, UNDER Captain J. W. GUNNISON, AND THE 41sT, UNDER CapTAIN Ef. 
G. Becxwitu.—The duties of naturalist were performed by Mr. Kreuzfeldt until his death, 
afterwards by Mr. Snyder, of Captain Beckwith’s party. 
3. 35TH PARALLEL, UNDER Caprain A. W. Wutppie.—This party was at first divided into two, 
one under Captain Whipple, starting at Fort Smith, accompanied by Mr. H. B. Mollhausen, as 
naturalist; the other under Lieutenant Ives, from San Antonio, Texas, with Dr. Kennerly, Both 
parties met at Albuquerque, and proceeded together to the Pacific. 
4, CALIFORNIA LINE, UNDER LieuTENANT WiLiIAMson.—This party, with Dr. Heermann as 
naturalist, explored the country from San Francisco to the Tejon Pass and the Colorado river. 
5. 32D PARALLEL WEST, UNDER Lieutenant J. G. Parke.—Lieutenant Parke’s party, with Dr. 
Heermann as naturalist, traversed the route from Fort Yuma to El Paso, and thence through 
Texas. 
6. 32D PARALLEL EAST, UNDER CapTaIn J. Popr.—From El Paso to Preston, on Red river. 
Captain Pope’s collections include the very extensive series of birds gathered by Dr. T. C, 
Henry, U.S. A., at Fort Thorn and on the Mimbres. 
The preceding lines were organized in 1853; the following was sent out snbsequently : 
7. CALIFORNIA AND OREGON LINE, UNDER LizutenantT Wii1amson.—This party explored the 
Cascade mountains of California and Oregon. The zoological collections were made by Dr. J. 
8. Newberry, geologist of the expedition. 
In addition to the preceding Railroad explorations, the results of the following miscellaneous 
government expeditions, made under the War Department, have been embodied in the report : 
8. Exenoration oF tne Liano Esracapo, in 1854 and 1856, by Captain Pops. 
10. Expioration or THE Upper Missourt AND YELLOWSTONE IN 1856, unpER Lreur. G. K. War- 
REN.—Very large collections of birds were made by this party, of which Dr. F, V. Hayden was 
surgeon and naturalist. 
10. EXPLORATION OF THE NORTH SIDE OF THE PLATTE RIVER AND Loup Fork 1n 1857, unpER Lieut. 
G. K. Warren.—-On this second expedition of Lieut. Warren, (Dr. Hayden naturalist,) large 
collections of birds were made, especially on Laramie Peak and Loup Fork. 
11. Wagon roap From Forr Ritey to Bripeer’s Pass, unper Lieut. Ff. T. Bryan.—This party, 
with W. 8. Wood as collector and naturalist, was out two seasons, 1856 and 1857, and made 
very large collections. 
12. SuRVEY OF THE COLORADO RIVER IN 1857-8, unpeR Lieut. J. C. Ives.—H. B. Méllhausen, 
zoologist, aided by Dr. J. S. Newberry, geologist. A small portion only of the collections 
have yet been received. 
The following expeditions, under the Department of the Interior, have also furnished important 
materials : 
‘13. Survey or THE United States AND Mexican Bounpary Line in 1851 to 1855.—The collec- 
tions of this survey were made while Mr. John R. Bartlett, Mr, R. B. Campbell, and Major W. 
H. Emory, U.S.A., were commissioners; and Colonel J. D. Graham, U.S.A., and Major Emory, 
U.S.A., were in charge of the scientific department. The collections were made by Messrs. 
Jobn H, Clark, Arthur Schott, Charles Wright, Dr. T. H. Webb, and Dr. C, B. Kennerly. 
