56 U S, P. R. R EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
SYRNIUM CINEREUM, Gmelin. 
The Great Gray Owl. 
Strix cinerea, Go. Syst. Nat. I, p. 291, (1788.) 
Strix acclamator, Bartram, Travels, p. 289, (1790.) 
Ficures.—Fauna Bor. Am., pl. 31; Aud. B. of Am. pl. 351: Oct. ea. I, pl. 35; Nat. Hist. New York, Birds, pl. 13, fig. 29. 
The largest owl of North America. Head very large; eyes small; tail rather long. Upper parts smoky, or ashy brown, 
mottled and transversely barred with ashy white ; under parts ashy white, with numerous longitudinal stripes of dark ashy 
brown predominating on the breast, and with transverse stripes of the same on the abdomen, legs, and under tail coverts. 
Quil!s brown, with about five wide irregular bands of ashy white ; tail brown, with five or six wide irregular bands of ashy white, 
mottled with dark brown. Feathers of the disc on the neck tipped with white ; eye nearly encircled by a black spot ; radiating 
feathers around the eye, with regular transverse narrow bars of dark brown and ashy white ; bill pale yellow; claws pale 
yellowish white, darker at their tips. 
Total length, 25 to 30 inches; wing 18; tail 12 to 15 inches. 
Hab.—Northern North America. Resident in the vicinity of Montreal, (Dr. A. Hall.) Spec. in Nat. Mus. Washington, and 
Mus. Acad. Philadelphia. 
In the western countries of North America the range of this large owl is not well determined, 
but the probability is, that it wanders in the winter over nearly the whole of North America. 
It appears to be a constant resident of Canada and other provinces of British America, and has 
occasionally been noticed as far south as New Jersey. In the present collection, a single 
specimen is from Washington Territory. This is the largest owl yet discovered in North 
America, and is one of the largest birds of this family. 
List of specimens. 
* 3S Measurements. 
é 2 Z 
Az z Locality. | When collected. | Whence obtained. FI Collected by— | ; 3 
ellis | = | = | 28 | 
= # f= 5 4 Ra 
o 77) fo) nos] 4st = 
STS8e|-— 2 === Shoalwater bay, W.1) June 10, 1854.--| Gov I. I. Stevens-| 80 | Dr. Cooper .---- 25 1'56.00))-- <2. 
69vel=oos=- Selkirk (Settlement, |=-2-=.-2---22-—- Mr: Gunneis-<=| seem = ESceeecosecdoocodlk Soe o| See cte| seco 
HSB: 
* Iris, yellow. 
SYRNIUM NEBULOSUM, Forster. 
The Barred Owl. 
Strix nebulosa, Forster, Trans. Philos. Soc. London, LXII, pp. 386, 424, (1772.) 
Strix varius, Barton, Frag. Nat. Hist. Penna. p. 11, (1799.) 
Fieures.—Vieill. Ois. d’Am. Sept. pl. 17; Wilson Am. Orn. IV, pl. 33, fig. 2; Aud. B. of Am. pl. 46: Oct. ed I, pl. 36; 
Nat. Hist. New York, Birds, pl. 10, fig. 21 ; Gould B. of Eur. I, pl. 46. 
Smaller than the preceding ; head large, without ear tufts ; tailrather long. Upper parts light ashy brown, frequently tinged 
with dull yellow, with transverse narrow bandsf white, most numerous on the head and neck behind, broader on the back. 
Breast with transverse bands of brown and white ; abdomen ashy white, with longitudinal stripes of brown; tarsi and toes ashy 
white, tinged with fulvous, generally without spots, but frequently mottled and banded with dark brown. Quills brown with 
six or seven transverse bars nearly pure white on the outer webs, and ashy fulvous on the inner webs; tail light brown, with 
about five bands of white, generally tinged with reddish yellow. Discal feathers tipped with white ; face ashy white, with lines 
of brown, and a spot of black in front of the eye ; throat dark brown ; claws horn color ; bill pale yellow ; irides bluish black. 
Sexes alike. 
Total length about 20 inches ; wing 13 to 14; tail 9 inches. Sexes nearly of the same size. 
Hab —Eastern North America. Spec. in Nat. Mus. Washington, and Mus. Acad. Philadelphia. 
