98 U. 8. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
Comparative measurements of species. 
Catal.) Species. Locality. Sex. | Length. Extent.| Wing. | Tail. | Tarsus. | Middle |[ts claw| Bill Along Specimen 
No. | toe. alone. | above, | gape. measured. 
[Rede SA 12 a Pe anal | 
483 | Picoides, arcticus...| Canada.........+.. 3 CRG) eoaGo5pa 1 5206")! Piskrie | 0.96 0.84 0.40 | 1.34 
6934 |......6 dose sncmces | Red river, Ark..... ODN 0-21 beppees | 4.84| 3,70| 0.90| 0.92| 0.40| 1.34 
9972 padoosco . hirsutus,,, Hudson’s Bay...... 3 7-58 | cee ese! 4°20 3.50 0.80 0.74 0.40 | 1,10 
S809)||Soecceceses dorsalis... Laramie Peak ..... 3 6.74 |ccccevee | 4.80 | 3.50 0.80 0.72 0.42 1,20 
GO} sete. ceee DOgweccraene oo dOsiowen waieeesiiccue cs | 193 U5 2755] OE SoM «kee cel] ee enle cate Meetieses Fos od fitel ae 
PICOIDES ARCTICUS. 
Black Backed Three-toed Woodpecker. 
Picus (Mpternus) arcticus, Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 313. 
Apternus arcticus, Br. List, 1838.—Is. Consp. 1850, 139.—Newserry, Zool. Cal. and Oreg. Route, 91; Rep. 
P.R. R. Surv. VI, 1857. 
Picus arcticus, Aup. Syn. 1839, 182.—Is. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 266; pl. 268.—Nurraui, Man. I, 2d ed, 
1840, 691. 
Picus tridactylus, Bon. Am. Orn. II, 1828, 14; pl. xiv, f. 2.—Aup. Orn. Biog. II, 1834, 198; pl. 132. 
Sp. Cu.—Above entirely uniform glossy bluish black ; a square patch on the middle of the crown, saffron yellow, and a 
few white spots on the outer edges of both webs of the primary and secondary quills. Beneath white, on the sides of the 
breast longitudinally striped, and on the sides of the belly and on the flanks and tibial region banded transversely with black. 
A narrow concealed white line from the eye a short distance backwards, and a white stripe from the extreme forehead (meet- 
ing anteriorly) under the eye, and down the sides of the neck. Bristly feathers of the base of the bill brown. Exposed 
portion of two outer tail feathers (Ist and 2d) white. 
Length, about 9! inches ; wing, 5; tail, 3.85. Female, without yellow on the head. 
Hab.—Northern portions of the United States to the Arctic regions, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 
This species differs from the other American three-toed woodpeckers chiefly in having the 
back entirely black. The white line from the eye is usually almost imperceptible, if not 
wanting entirely. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. No.| Sex. Locality. When collected. Whence obtained. (Orig. No.| Collected by— 
MATS |_2--.- Cascade mountains, O. T ..--| Summerof ’55-| Lieut. Williamson..-.--|-------- Dr. J. 8. Newberry 
483g oe oe New VOLK Sosa oo = eens eee ne ete Siagg Il see sss] psc sose| bss S Sst esesses6 
6934 Q W\Selkirk settlement, H. B."T'=.|---...----..-- Donald! Gunn see eon | pee ee on oe 
7973 @ «| Hudson’ s\bayjos- 2. Seaeene| oe see cease coe ds (Crow Gl Sooo cde See |pstecdoceséancnsass 
7974 OM see CO ts re ee een Bele nes eee eS snscdOntenanascsceeres S84 AD A cotecetacccccacse 
PICOIDES HIRSUTUS. 
Banded Three-toed Woodpecker. 
Picus hirsutus, Viziti. Ois. Am. Sept. II, 1807, 68; pl. cxxiv—Wacrer, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 102, (mixed up with 
undulatus.) Aup. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 184; pl. 417.—Is. Birds Am. IV, 1842, pl. 269.—Nurr. Man. 
I, 2d ed. 1840, 622. 
Aplernus hirsutus, Bon. List. 1838.—Is. Consp. 1850, 129. 
Picus (Apternus) tridactylus, Sw. F. Bor. Am. 11, 1831, 311; pl. lvi. 
Apternus americanus, Sw. Class. Birds, I], 1837, 306. 
