300 U. S P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
PYRANGA, Vieill. 
Pyranga, Viewror, Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, iv—fz. Analyse, 1816, 32.—Scrarer, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1856, 123. 
Phoenisoma, Swainson, Class. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 
Cu.—Bill somewhat straight ; sub-conical, cylindrical, notched at tip; culmen moderately curved ; commissure with a median 
acute lobe. Wings elongated ; the four first primaries about equal. ‘Tail moderate, slightly forked. Colors of the male chiefly 
scarlet, of the female yellowish. 
The rictus is well provided with bristles, which bend downwards, but if brought forward 
would reach the nostrils. These are rounded, and are closely crowded by the frontal feathers. 
The tarsus is shorter than the middle toe, scutellate anteriorly, and smooth on the sides behind. 
The lateral toes are about equal ; the basal joint of the middle toe united for half its length to 
the inner toe, and by almost the whole length to the outer. 
The species may be distinguished by the following diagnoses, borrowed from Mr. Sclater: 
Male:- “Bright 'scarletired.) Wings:and. tail. black... .i..d.tsscossadeceseovesavsoaceaveas.<TUONG 
Male. Light red; back a little more dusky. Bill light horn color, the edges and tips 
PALCL.cscceserecosincescapenoscssccoseesaussasscrsistacernescersaseseuceuvacase=scnccsume ert eee Chloe 
Male. Dark scarlet red, tinged with ashy on the back and sides. Bill plumbeous black. 
Meet; brownish black. 5:i5s: sascsceaceevsddeeantsscadeddvecssesso sense scasuessenesasbatsestvspsciCCDRLLCEe 
Male. Yellow; The interscapular region, wings, and tail, black. Wings with two 
whitish bands. Head and throat tinged with scarlet...............ceeeeeeee--- Ludoviciana. 
Comparative measurements of species. 
] ] ] ] 
Catal. | Species. Locality. Sex. Length.) Stretch |Wing.| TaJ.| Tarsus.) Middle |[ts claw) Bill |Along Specimens Remarks. 
No. | | | | of wings. | toe. | alone. jabove.| gape. jmreasured.| 
| | | 
1566 | Pyranga rubra.......+- Carlisle, Pa... GRE badaeace 3.68] 3.00| 0.74| 0.73| 0.22| 0.63 | 0.76 | Dry 
do. | | TAL |) oLle75s |pStOU leeeeet cone eee Sees | eeerse Pasa bee | Fresh 
1425 608. |. cceveve ) 3.70 | 2.90 0.70 0.72 0.24 | 0.60 | 0.73 | Dry 
do. 7.00 | 11.25 | 3.75 |occce-|eccccnceeccccees| seer cece [erjeleiste||ine setae | Fresh 
8266  Pyranga aestiva GEST Iaganoone 3.68 | 3.20 0.76 0.76 0.22 | 0.70 | 0.84 Dry 
do. | sesees 7.00 VVF25 | 3.75 |i ccee.|ovcc coecloccecccs|seccceee|cecees [eeeees | Fresh 
8267 3 | To saaaisesd | 3.81 | 3.38 0.78 0.76 0.22 | 0.78 | 0.83 | Dry 
SIDE Ratcleeis U Ole sieisicle.eslelcicleicis Zuni mts..... 3 he CSUN sascoce 3.96 | 3.62 0.80 0.72 0.24 | 0.72 | 0.81 | Dry 
8259 Pyranga ludoviciana sol Posa creek. ed roi | 6562)|Cecsecea | 3.70 | 3 06 0.80 0.75 0:20)'1/0:697)/ 0:77 jl cuceetene 
8260 |...... WO leuaiesirneeesise ss | Tejon valleys. seers 6.54: oeaicens 3.50 | 3.00 0.7 | 0.76 0.22 | 0.60 | 0.68 | Dry 
8272 | Pyranga hepatica .,.... Zuni mts...e+, fof Tet Roba 5 3.96 | 3.64 0.82 0.72 0.24 | 0.72 | 0.78 | Dry 
560 | Euphonia Sr ses el MEXOBteicseses|asicisics | 4.88 |... saa 2.70 | 1.86 0.54 0.60 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.44 bee 
PYRANGA RUBRA, Vieillot. 
Scarlet Tanager. 
Tanagra rubra, Linn. I, 1766, 314.—Gmexiy, I, 1788, 889.—Witeon, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 42 ; pl. xi, f. 3, 4.—Aup 
Orn. Biog. 1V, 1838, 388 ; pl. 354. 
Pyranga rubra, VieiwxoT, Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, iv; pl. i, f. 12. (Head.)—Swarnson, F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 273.— 
Bon. List. 1838.—Is. Conspectus, 185 .—Avp. Syn. 1839, 136.—Is. Birds Amer. II, 1841, 226; 
pl. 209.—Sciarer, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1855, 156—Is. 1856, 123. 
Phoenisoma rubra, Sw. Birds, IL, 1837, 284. 
Phoenicosoma rubra, Can Mus. Hein. 1851, 24. 
Pyranga erythromelas, Viri.uor, ‘ Encyc. Meth. 800.”—Is. Nouy. Dict. XVIII, 1817, 293. 
