318 U. 8 P. R. R, EXP, AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
AMPELIS CEDRORUM, Baird. 
Cedar Bird. 
Ampelis garrulus, Var. 6 , Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 297—Gnm. I, 1788, 838. 
Ampelis carolinensis, Gossr, Birds Jamaica, 1847, 197.—Bonap. Consp. 1850, 336. 
Bombycilla carolinensis, Brisson, Orn. I, 1760, 337.—Avp. Om. Biog. 1, 1831, 227: V, 494; pl. 43.—Is. Syn. 1839, 
165.—Is. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 165; pl. 245.—Waatenr, Isis, 1831, 528. 
Bombycilla cedrorum, Viritiot, Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, 88; pl. IviiiIs. Galerie Ois. I, 1834, 186; pl. exviii. 
Ampelis americana, Witson, Am. Orn. I, 1808, 107; pl. vii. . 
Sp. Cu.—Head crested. General color reddish olive, passing anteriorly on the neck, head, and breast into purplish cinna- 
mon ; posteriorly on the upper parts into ash ; on the lower into yellow. Under tail coverts white. Chin dark sooty black, 
fading insensibly into the ground coloron the throat. Forehead, loral region, space below the eye, and a line above it on the side 
of the head, intense black. Quills and tail dark plumbeous, passing behind into dusky; the tail tipped with yellow; the 
primaries, except the first, margined with hoary. A short maxillary stripe, a narrow crescent on the infero-posterior quarter 
of the eye, white. Secondaries with horny tips, like red sealing wax. Length, 7.25; wing, 4.05; tail, 2.60. 
Hab.—North America generally ; south to Guatemala. 
IT have found it impossible to describe satisfactorily to myself the peculiar tint of color pre- 
vailing on the anterior half of this beautiful bird. Mr. Audubon speaks of it as light grayish 
brown, passing anteriorly into light brownish red. Immature specimens lack the sealing wax 
tips. The young have the upper parts more ash above, the lower streaked with dusky reddish 
ash and white, except on the abdomen and under coverts. 
I am unable to discern any differences in specimens from western portions of the United States, 
California, Mexico, or Guatemala. 
List of specimens. 
Catal.| Sex Locality. | When col- |Whence obtained./Orig’|| Collected by— |Length.| Stretch | Wing. Remarks. 
No. |&age. | lected. No. of wings. 
— = — 
1617 rh | Carlisle, Pas... sees 55 July 5,1844 |S. FP. Baird........|...0.+ 
BAe |) fey 11 |Bocens Ghasoon6s, sash0 «.| Sept. 9,1845 |...... Gt nodensond| |dorde 
[etitho| lsacoae | Washington, D. C........ [Bcsoeesejvesens Wm. Hutton.....}..000. Bo0000 9oN 
7260 |...... lincck nor ROniowe eee J. P. Kirtland 
4918 S | amelia Island, Fla. ..seee)seeee veer eee] G. Wiirdemann 
5318 fof Yellowstone river, Neb..., July 24,1856 | Lt. Warren..... 
5319 (©) |loganar DO strestvisieleisieleleiviae ce Ntatefetete DOsesies a's eleieit U Ostler istefeteie’s | neistslals 
3958 Q | Tamaulipas, Mex........- | Mar. 20,1853 | Lt.Couch........ 
| 
SEAS) |lobacns | New Leon, Mex..........| April—, 1853 |...... Os closes eee 
4236 | we. San Francisco, Cal...... | Winter, 1853 | R. D. Cutts...... vaveee cece 
1952) |). s000. | Guatemala ....ce0ccrsecsleeresssecseses J. Gould... 00+-| scecee|oeee 
GERRY IIheaane eo doreneieewereirencice [eeeeteseeees Pease dOsdesscinsec| waren 
Sub-Family PTILIOGONIDINAE. 
Rictus with bristles. Tail long. Wings graduated ; the first primary always half or one-third the second, which is consid- 
erably less than the third. Nostrils entirely anterior to the frontal feathers. 
Priniogonys.—Head with a broad short crest. Culmen considerably curved from the base. 
Bill broad. Tarsi slightly feathered at the upper extremity ; scutellate. Wings shorter than 
the tail ; the first primary very short; the second and third much graduated, acuminated. Tail 
forked, the lateral feather graduated. eathers narrow, linear. 
Crcntopsts.— Head with a long narrow crest. Culmen moderately curved from the base. 
