394 U. S. P. R. R, EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
PARUS MONTANUS, Gambel. 
Parus montanus, Gampet, Pr. A. N. Sc. I, April, 1843, 259, (Santa Té.)—Is. Pr. A. N. Sc. Il, Feb. 1847, 
155.—Is. Jour. A. N. Sc. 2d series, I, Dec. 1847, 35; pl. viii, f. 1.—Cassrn, Ilust. I, 1853, 18. 
Sp. Cu.—Head and neck above, with under part of head and throat, glossy black ; forehead, line above the eye and one 
below it, involving the auriculars, white. These stripes embracing between them a black line through the eye and confluent 
with the black of the head. Above ashy ; beneath similar, but paler ; the upper part of breast and middle line of belly white. 
Length about 5 inches ; wing, 2.60; tail, 2.40. 
Ss 
Hab.—Pacific coast of United States, probably to the Rocky mountains. 
In this species the tail is nearly square; the outer feather a very little shorter. The fourth, 
fifth, and sixth quills are equal; the third less than the seventh ; the second rather shorter 
than the secondaries. The whole side of the head from the bill is whitish ; this color margins 
the black of the neck all the way to its extremity on the upper part of the back, where it is 
duller. A black line commences within the white just anterior to the eye, in a line below with 
the lower eyelid and above a little above the upper lid. The quills and tail feathers are 
margined paler, but there is no white, especially on the secondaries. 
This species may be very readily distinguished from P. atricapillus by the white front and 
the white line over the eye cutting off a black one through it. The general colors above are 
purer ash ; below the sides are ashy instead of yellowish brown white. The white on the head 
has rather a bluish tinge. 
A specimen, apparently of this species, from Medicine Bow creek, (5643,) though marked 
female, is larger than those from California, as shown by the measurements. I can detect no 
other difference, except that the black on the neck appears more restricted. A female from 
Fort Tejon lacks the whitish of the forehead, the black of the crown coming down to the bill. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. |Sex. Locality. When collected. | Whence obtained. Orig. | Collected by— 
No. No 
Pia | | 
4390 lees Fort Dalles, Oregon---.-.. Feb. —, 1855.--| DrvSuckleysessss-s----- 171 | ee Sam anon cae aaa 
3894 ee Califormiauecnsstccee tect lntcamcas eee ecss Drateermanntsece=sseae|sonae= Tec ceaeictestseeeemeese 
GS00M Er alLejon passes case = ones Sone ee oes ones Lieut. Williamson ----.--|...... Dr. Heermann 22==s5-=-e= 
6801 GF lense doses! oc nfs seee| sos coe temas aeeal en A dos@aeeseee Secces| ie ee E 
HortWejonasses aoe ae oe | pees eee Sones lids ONVeSCy eee — case |eee ene amc UnaSOeRSoSaasoses5 
6798 |..--| Mimbres to Rio Grande_.-|_.........------ Dr wbenryesseeeees|oee ees Jaen een n nn - nen n nnn ewen ne 
6799 [rete jenn eee OSes ee see eee |e oe eee eee [eens (0 (ea eee eeecioe |nnao-ennnn- cen nennennn-e 
5643 | Q | Medicine Bow creek, Neb-| Aug. 7, 1856----| Lieut. Bryan....-.--..-.-- D2 Dal aWiet sg O00 ters aera ae 
| 
PARUS RUFESCENS, Towns. 
Chestnut-backed Tit. 
Parus rufescens, Townsenp, J. A. N. Sc. Phil. VII, m, 1837, 190.—Avupuson, Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 371; pl. 
353.—Is. Birds Am. II, 1841, 158; pl. 129.—Cassin, Illust. I, 1853, 18. 
Poecila rufescens, Bon. Consp. 1850, 230. 
Sp. Ca.—Whole head and neck above, and throat from bill to upper part of breast, sooty blackish brown. Sides of head 
and neck, upper part of breast, and middle of body, white ; back and sides dark brownish chestnut. Length, 4.75 inches ; 
wing, 2.36; tail, 2.16. 
Hab .—Pacifie coast of the United States. 
