514 U. S. P. R. R. EXP, AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
This species is readily distinguished from P. erythrophthalmus by the white on the scapulars 
and wing coverts. Its relationships to arcticus are much closer. There is not much difference 
between the two in the white of the scapular region, except that the white marks here, as 
elsewhere on the wing, are rounded, the extreme end of the outer web of the feather being black 
instead of running out acutely white to the very tip of the outer webs of the feathers. This 
gives rather less extension to the white. In fact, most of the white marks are edged externally 
with black, converting them into spots. There is no white whatever at the exposed base of the 
outer web of the second to fifth primaries, and there is only a trace of white near the end, 
- instead of having a conspicuous white edging from base to near the tip. 
The outer web of the outer tail feather, instead of being entirely white for the exposed 
portion, is only very slightly edged with white; usually entirely black. The white at the end 
of the feathers is much more restricted, and extends only over the three outer feathers; usually 
not reaching to the shaft. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. | Sex. Locality. When Whence obtained. Orig’! Collected by— | Length.| Extent.| Wing. Remarks. 
No. collected. No. 
8416 |oseeee Simiahmoo Bay... sse0e- Sept. 17, 1857} A. Campbell..... eooees| Dr. Kennerly..... 
5973 |lisiss sie | Whitby island, W.T...ss.|sscceces recess Gov. Stevens....|....0. Dr. Cooper. ss... 
5974 | QO |eccesers AO miectain wel shisess'|senscleclcient Drs Je; Ge! COOper:a|sskeen| caseet Ch Frapeaccad 
4532)! secaiis Washington Territory....| 1856....,.... DD XESUN CEE Yinrs aiaie.<'||s\e's:slein |! a'9 aly co'eie.siclalas 0ie/ni0's/s eeccceen 
59749 OO neeon ns (eB Goncao Dare codd |[PSconenoandocca Gov. I. I. Stevens.|...... Dr. Suckley...... 
739 |eceeee Steilacoom ......ceeeenes June 25, 1856 | Dr. Cooper ..+eee) ss eee saee ceescessanes 
ADSL |eewesie Washington Territory....| 1856......... Drs SUCKIOV siciieisre|siscisis||s secisicleeselese siseiss 
4553 |ccesecleccecers Oss isiscsjo'swalaiete'c.ciel|| LODO siceine-siinll peivis le CO sesisirnveassiiecisaic|is'cieaiele seloetcciesene 
2867 rot Columbia river..... esses. May 27, 1835 | Sk ABaird saa teclnceae J. K. Townsend.. 
6737 |. e000 Fort Vancouver, W.T....| Jan. 19, 1854] Gov. Stevens.....|...00+ Dr. Cooper. ...... 
4386 2] ...00. Fort Dalles, Oregon sciic.s|.ccses cececces Dr. Suckley...... T5Gy |cciereie'sls wruisieieiats heise 8.25 | 10.00 3.50 | Lris orange, bill black. 
PIPILO ARCTICUS, Swainson. 
Pyrgita (Pipilo) arctica, Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 260. 
Pipilo arcticus, Nutrauy, Man. I, 1832, 589.—Is. 2d ed. 1840, 610.—Brxt, Ann. New York Lyc. V, 1852, 7. 
Sp. Cu.—Upper parts generally, with head and neck all round to the upper part of the breast, black. Middle of breast and 
of belly white ; sides chestnut ; under tail coverts similar, but paler. Outer webs of scapulars and of dorsal feathers immedi- 
ately above them, ends of primary and secondary coverts, (on the outer web,) outer edges of three innermost tertials, and of 
the second to the fifth primaries, conspicuously white. Outer web of the first and ends of the first to the fourth tail feathers, 
white, the amount diminishing not very rapidly. Length about 8 inches; wing, 2.40; tail, 4.10; hind toe and claw, .74. 
Female brown instead of black. 
Hab.—High Central Plains of Upper Missuuri, Yellowstone, and Platte. 
This species is similar in form to the P. erythrophthalmus, which, however, is readily distin- 
guished by the entire absence of white on the scapulars and wing coverts. The amount of white 
on the tail decreases much less rapidly. The differences between it and P. oregonus will be 
found detailed under the head of the latter species. ‘ 
One specimen (8193) from Fort Leavenworth, with a few white spots only on the scapulars, 
may perhaps be considered a hybrid between arctica and erythrophthalius, 
