BIRDS—ICTERIDAE— TRUPIALIS MILITARIS. 533 
TRUPIALIS, Bonaparte. 
Trupialis, Bonar. Conspectus, 1850, 429. Type Sturnus militaris, L. 
Peziles, Capanis, Mus. Hein. 1851, 191. Type Sturnus loyca, Mol. 
Cu.—Form of Sturnella, Bill elongated ; length about two and a half times the height. Feathers on top of head with bristly 
shafts. Tail feathers broad, widening at the ends ; the inner corner rounded off. Hind toe nearly as long as the middle. 
Above banded ; throat and beneath red, without any crescent. 
This genus, formerly united with Sturnella, is very similar, having the same general appear- 
ance The bill is higher at the base, and more like Agelaius; it is longer than the head, and 
about equal to the tarsus. The tarsus is longer than the middle toe, which is scarcely longer 
than the hinder. The toes are much shorter, the claws sharper and more curved, than in Stur- 
nella, The tail is differently formed, being rather broad and rounded, with feathers widening 
externally at the tip, instead of being formed of narrow, lanceolate, acute feathers, with the 
outer web the same throughout. 
Comparative measurements of species. 
3 ts | | 3 = 
a Species. Locality. s = ; 3 | . & Specimen 
g a = = 5 = é = 5 measured. 
o n I 1 = | & & =) < 
1303 | Sturnella ludoviciana ..| Carlisle, Pa......... | 1.48 | Skin...... 
CNS! Inecie’e'aiphatnisia Cl On'ols\loret via’ wiaie/«)|/ala atefeleua (dOKeew siensictesisis!| osama MO0no6i| Co 1Gs C80) AsO 5s arse.ai|(eaaisiele | weer |iainasivie wees s.6il « sie-sieis|einaisp |[oiasiems Fresh..o+s . 
1555 dO secccessecslove 000+dO seve sscseces SI Skinveseses 
Os} |'59:0600.060000 ciccepceseselinsassece Greceettsesena eect! (9rC0u|, Ati00 |f4541o lee ecas losses) lecesonlesave{lecescsl|scecu|sesmsh|emcisis Fresh 
8614 Espia, Mexico...... 46 | Skin wesc 
WO. | scvcicic v0 <AOre vce vocseslovcenee Oi wevecsssteese| ieaecs!LOs00 || 10550) | 74.750 | sane ciall seisieiac| eects ss |cwemsie| seiasies | sieeisise||'. ois (ns.| xefeiacste Fresh...... 
5336 Mouth of Yellowstone 23 | Skin .....6 
COW Ie s ele siece oc l Ors (o's » sfs'nce.sie\|aieiesieiere EO aisiewieseuiasonfeasesie | (Ox00 5). 14°50)|24550 |e. sinveie (clases |e sis eioa| esiswtorel|ciaeciuis| siaice wo ve ctalete |aaraees Fresh... 
10292 .| Fort Tejon, Cal..... 40 | Skin ...... 
10316 Pembina, Minn...... 40 | Skin 
9€93 | Sturnella hippocrepis...| Mexico.............- 15 | Skin ...... 
1950 | Sturnella meridionalis..| Brazil......sseceeeees 66 | Skin ...... 
4230 | Trupialis militaris......| San Francisco, Cal... 24 | Skin ...000 
1794 | ‘Trupialis brevirostris. ..] MeXicO?.....sceeees lessees +22 ; 22 \| 128 5 F 43 13 210) | Skinissieaas, 
TRUPIALIS MILITARIS, Bonap. 
Red-breasted Lark. 
Sturnus militaris, Liyn. Mantissa, 1771, 527.—Gmexin, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 803. (Falklands.) 
Trupialis militaris, Bonar. Consp. 1850, 429. 
Pezites loyca, Casanis, Mus. Hein. 1851, 191. 
Sp. Cu.—Bill longer than the head ; shaped like Sturnella. First quill between fourth and fifth in length. Tail slightly 
graduated ; the lateral feathers about .20 of an inch shorter. Above dark brown, each feather ecged with yellowish brown ; 
the exposed surfaces of wings, tail coverts, and tail almost an olive brown ; the rump grayer ; all banded narrowly and trans- 
versely with dark brown, of which color are the concealed portions of wing and tail. A spot in front of the eye, bend of 
wings, extreme shoulder, with the under parts, red. The sides of the head, neck, and body, with the hinder part of the 
abdomen and under tail coverts, black, the feathers edged with gray, and showing indistinct transverse bands. The red of the 
chin passing up on the side of the lower jaw. A faint median, and conspicuous superciliary stripe, with the under wing coverts, 
white. Tibia brown. Length, 9.50; wing, 4.90; tail, 4.10. 
Hab.—West coast of South America, around to Falkland Islands. Perhaps in Brazil. Coast of California? 
In this species the blackish on the side of the neck extends inwards so as to leave a very narrow 
streak of red just on the upper part of the neck. The red extends nearly as far back as the 
