764 U. Ss. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
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Comparative measurements of species. 
; | S |e s | 3 
2 s Che ; 5 a & 3 3 8 | & Specime 
ire Species. Locality. | = eb 3 2 Cee iy pee n 
= lites Sp = = 2 = aed es | é mneasured. 
§ reales Sa MCL stot feenelpier |S 
| | 
2128 | Bernicla canadensis....| Carlisle, Pa ....06.| GQ |eeseeees|eeee seee| 17.75 | 6.68 | 3.10 | 3.50 | 0.50 | 1.84 | 2.10 |oseee.}eoeeee] Skin..... 
Osi aeoncsesdOlcasesies dl abner Otro Cece ee cl ece saa] eigo.001| 63.50) | MWe OOM nectar. 806 ailbscoo nese |ecesiielasssae|sseees|oses st | MEGS state 
10402 |... «| Salt Lake ..scee eeleceees| 36.50 |..0.00e.] 19.50 | 7.12 | 3.24 | 3.90 | 0.60 | 2.04 | 2.22 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Fresh... 
10401 Al Wessccat: reooctetonce cei. |e cabaUI eptiodcod 19.10 | 7.10 | 3.26 | 3.62 | 0.52 | 2.20 | 2.30 / 1.02 | 1.02 | Fresh ... 
$960 Bodega, Cal......../ 3 6.70 | 3.31 | 3.60 | 0.44 | 1.92 | 2.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Skin..... 
9962 eects UO lesecacsscs| 7.54 | 3.62 | 3.64 | 0.60 | 2.02 | 2.20 | 1.02 | 1.02 | Skin..... 
1192 |. Potomac river ....) 6.84 | 3.16 | 3.22 | 0.40 | 2.00 | 2.30 | 1.02 | 1.02 | Skin..... 
do, eeeeeedO as | Velaciee| reece. lececes|eceoes|s \poee siejeieie'e}| sivieie:s || ESM stare 
5471 | Yellowstone. .....«/ 5.80 | 3.70 | 3.50 | 0.40 | 1.92 | 2.04 | 0 90 | 0.82 | Skin..... 
9961 Frontera, Texas....jecesssleeeseees|eeeecees| 18.00 | 6.10 | 3.32 | 3.24 | 0.50 | 2.00 | 2.04 | 1.02 | 1.02 | Skin..... 
9954 | Rio Rita, N. M..... ee 30.00 | .......| 18.00 | 5.80 | 3.06 | 3.06 | 0.42 | 1.70 | 1.84 | 0.92 | 0.92 | Skin..... 
9554 |. .cccuee GO .eceeeeeeeees| Simiahmoo bay.... eeeves PLE Ee Soeeead 16.50 | 5.54 | 2.74 | 2.60 | 0.42 | 1.50 | 1.60 | 0.80 | 0.80 | Skin..... 
5994 | Bernicla leucopareia...| Port Townsend ....|)eeeees|seeeeces|sceecces 18.00 | 6.30 | 2.44 | 3.30 | 0.46 | 1.62 | 1.90 0.80 | 0.90 | Skin..... 
4529 | Bernicla hutchinsii.....| Sam Francisc0.. see.) eeeees|eeeeeeee|s 15.50 | 6.20 | 2.74 | 2.64 | 0.48 | 1.44 | 1.50 | 0.74 | 0.74 | Skin..... 
AOE ONON do eae cleete || OOMUMDIATIVEN Zs ccicl ele sales LEO 52608 270i 250M Ord) D625 ALTON ee eceil sete sien | OKI Merete 
CEE bisa sooat Cin stalsiciee|| REG UTIVEY, Be Liel wisiereisie 13.60 | 4.66 | 2.70 | 2.50 | 0.34 | 1.36 | 1.42 | 0.70 | 0.64 | Skin..... 
DID7!| Svaeie. GOs eevee sjaes eel (Columbia liver? «cel sees: 15.80 | 5.60 | 2.70 | 2.50 | 0.44 | 1.62 | 1.76 |......] seoee| Skin. eee 
1199 | Bernicla brenta....... | East’n shore of Ma.| Q 12.84 | 4.60 | 2.26 | 2.25 | 0.33 | 1.32 | 1.40 [et ee es seen Skin..... 
dO. llhiss «12 sendOlsveserieses onion ox Oitiesasirenee's [Becc 23.50 2 ros Si sadondl {Sd6es|Sadeda snadoa) sennae Fresh ... 
9965 | Bernicla nigricans. .... Bodega, Cal....... about) 27.00)... j 2220 )]:0534)) 1222) 1.50 ee eee el| =ccece | SKIN seen 
9964 | ......- fis Soci90000 setes[eeeeesdO cess eeeeee eeeees | 29.00 2.25 | 0.40 | 1.23 | 1.50]......).s00+.| Skin. .20. 
1801 EUrope oc. sccecees|eceees| 20,20 2.42 | 0.36 | 1.40 | 1.40 |. .ceeg] ss coee] SKiNw cee 
| 
BERNICLA CANADENSIS, Boie. 
Canada Goose. = 
Anas canadensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 198.—Forsrer, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, 383.—Wirs. Am. Orn. VIII, 
1814, 52; pl. lvii. 
Anser canadensis, Viritt. Nouv. Dict.—Sw. & Ricu. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 468.—Norr. Man. I, 349.—Auvp. Orn. . 
Biog. III, 1835, 1: V, 607; pl. 201.—In. Syn, 270.—Is. Birds Amer. VI, 1843, 178; pl. 376. 
Cygnus canadensis, SteruH. Shaw’s Zool. XU, uy, 1824, 19. 
Bernicla canadensis, Boir, Isis, 1826, 921. 
? Anser parvipes, Cassin, Pr. 4. N. Se. WI, Oct. 1852, 188. (Vera Cruz.) 
Sp. Cu.—Tail of eighteen feathers. Head, neck, bill, and feet, deep black. A large triangular patch of white on the cheeks 
behind the eye; the two of opposite sides broadly confluent beneath, but not extending to the rami of lower jaw; a few whitish 
feathers on lower eyelid. Upper parts brown, edged with paler. Under parts light, with a tinge of purple gray, sometimes a 
shade of smoky brown; the edges of the feathers paler; the color of the body of the feathers, though similar, becoming deeper 
on the sides, tibia, axillars, and inside of wings. The gray of the belly passes gradually into white on the anal region and 
under coverts; the upper tail coverts are pure white. The primary quills and rump are very dark blackish brown; the tail 
feathers are black. Length, 35; wing, 18; tarsus, 3.10; commissure, 2.10, 
Hab.--Whole of North America. Accidental in Europe. 
In comparing quite a large series of Canada geese together, I have found very great 
discrepancies in dimensions, as will be sufficiently evident from the table of measurements. I 
find almost every size between wide extremes, with great variations in size and proportions of 
the bill, as well as much difference in the shade and continuity of color. In several instances 
