812 U. 8. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY— GENERAL REPORT. 
Sometimes the females have the upper parts waved transversely with brownish yellow. 
Generally there is no white on the wings, but in one specimen from San Pasqual the secondaries 
and the greater tail coverts are narrowly tipped with white. 
List of specimens. 
ne Oe 
Catal.| Sex. Locality. When col- | Whence obtained. | Orig. |Collected by—| Length.| Stretch |Wing. Remarks. 
No. lected. No. of wings. 
1184 |......| Carlisle, Pa.s..e sseeee Oct. 26,1843 | S. F. Baird ......|.. 23.75 wc ccce ccccee ceecesecer cee: cece 
B15) | elcteite apooant Wlsddgoo poonaocana|| lia erally Rh Gosssatliecng, aodgodp BETO icaocan|lopccae deno welesisisisivvcisiesocisiece 
4551 | @ | Washington, D. C......| April —,1856 | Market........... aah asa BCDB PaO Con DOT Sane wees 
5472 Q Near mouth Platte river.| Oct. —,1856 | Lieut. Warren....|..... | Dr. Hayden.. 21.00 Tris very dark brown ..... e006 
4635 |......| White river, Neb........] May —,1855 | Col. A. Vaughan.|....../....6+ Clpoqaod| rigauadod|Inpeooods © veces ecceeie o[e(n\s sia{o\s\ale\njniecsisie cecicisieee 
8635 Q 100 m. east of Laramie..} Oct. 10,1857 | Wm. M. Magraw.} 217 |.Dr.Cooper...| 15.00 | 23.00 | 5.75 | Iris brown, bill black, feet 
black. 
5138 |......| Crossing of Pecos, N. M.| Jan. 10,1855 | Capt. Pope ...... DTU (Cae ctol socio siaictal| aiele sleclelell siaissieess(e|| vase sill sa elele/alsislesiels[ne acta eeales's vsle(ec'sie 
9848 | .....| Janos, Mex....+.++s+s.| April—,1#55 | Maj. Emory......] 65 | Dr. Kennerly.|....+. pAlleseenios bedi Da ER SAA eteas tesetens 
9847 |......| San Pasqual, Cal. -....} Nov. 21,1854 |...... CO ciesislersaws LOM RAS Schotticaia.||cracctvecel |ltelistersice]|ecleeie.n| (oe elele(sielsisislelaisisistalvie sivicieacletsi= sie 
4GO7 |ecceee|ecececdOrcccscvecevcrecsleccccccesescsss| seceesdOeees seseesleseesslascecs do......| 15.50 | 22.00 | 6.00 | Eyes reddish brown, bill black , 
feet gray. 
9846 |......| Bodega, Oal....seseeeee Dec. —,1854 | Lieut. Trowbridge}...... TT tAc: SZADOsz| «a veis(sielel|(e siajcisie'e.s||(n'sieis'e s||eisicels siaisies jae ols\sslelsiooicsrelvicleleiesie 
Sub-Family MERGINAE. 
Cu.—Bill very slender, narrow, compressed, terminated by a conspicuous nail. Edges much serrated, the serrations 
projecting. Tarsi much compressed ; the scales anteriorly large and transverse, becoming smaller and smaller on the sides and 
behind. Tail feathers 18 in North American species. 
The Merginae or fishing ducks are represented in the United States by three well established 
species, placed by modern systematists in as many genera. Two of these, however, are so 
nearly alike that I prefer to consider them as the same ; the third is sufficiently distinct. The 
Mergus albellus of Europe is scarcely entitled to a place in our fauna, 
The genera adopted may easily be recognized by the following characters : 
Mereaus.—Most of bill red. Serrations acute, recurved. Tarsi two-thirds the length of 
middle toe. Head with a depressed crest. 
Lopnopytrs.—Bill black. Serrations oblique. Tarsi half the middle toe. Head with an erect 
vertical crest. 
Comparative measurements of species. 
S gle [sz | 2 [sg 
: : : a 0 = \s 5 Bia | EO ian : 
Catal. Species. Locality. s 4 = e t go] @ eo 5 2& & | ¢ |Specimen 
No | 4 FA 2 BS = = s = 1 ele g a 5 = ‘@ | measured. 
an ra) na E a a = |a aeol 4 |e 
1304 | Mergus americanus........| Carlisle, Pa.......... GB Jecccvscelee ovee-{10.86 | 4.86 | 1.84 | 2.76 Skin..... 
CEH |lhagdioads lit), codanoooo Metiscts poationtMaocSoagcoo0d sea0do 96.50!) B8.25)/T1200)|cscoccl|'sce essen -| Fresheees 
EYE) | poonosooltthoce cocddOpDD dood lescoostl) anood Q | 21.00 |........| 9.70 | 4.80 | 1.72 | 2.48 Skin..... 
COs eetelsieleiele AO jsiaerealorsleiste.ciciaierolels)|ielereiets GO .svecevevecces[oseere PRED EY GEESE) G¢) |[oodgonallobcoonl|osadon -| Fresh.... 
311 | Mergus serrator....+..eseee/eceees GOlssccnsccaces 3 | 22.50 ]........| 8.60 | 4.00 | 1.80 | 2.65 Skin..... 
Os | s000000cO..cccccccecevcccee|ocvers Glibeoooobooddona eovcce| 23.25 | 33.00 |oecce.|secees|eeevee|scveee -| Fresh... 
SO79 Il sees COs-caactesterteseotenen| Cape Mlorid@yccevsep «[l UQ)el| cre sists | eerste .s.-| 9.10 | 3.96 | 1.74 | 2.56 SKinewses 
Glory Iipaneacrts (OMeteciaatersloreleieveteteratelel| sisjertele Oer/cieiceistevesiessteallesianets||| e202 00iIl) wOlerOp MONOD Bl Meretctagt |isieietstetal llatwieteters Spaoanladan Fresh... 
1311 | Lophodytes cucullatus.....| Carlisle, Pa....sssee. 3 AU Gag oad 7.90 | 4.26 | 1.20 | 2.20 | Skin. .... 
dowd|s ete mdoes~s wae sak araliees eel bre 3 x, 17.50 | 26.95 | 7.92 |....4 Sobre | Fresh... 
1 A0GI | pacayeiieed One ese atetsloteteisteteleere fi 1GESON Phe cree 7.30 | 4.14 | 1,02 | 1.96 Skin... 
dow Reece nd0.Socsenes save dliceess 017250 || 925, 00)|87e40)|ceeeelees cel eeeese ; Fresh... 
BID). Baeo onde do | LOT TENN gago6 | 7-10 | 4 12 | 1,20 | 2.06 | Skin... 
! i | 
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