814 U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
edged, externally, with the same. The primaries and outer secondaries are black ; the latter 
tipped with paler. 
The female has a compressed occipital and nuchal crest; the head and neck chestnut brown ; 
the chin yellowish white; the upper parts entirely bluish gray ; the under parts like the male. 
The white on the wing is confined to the secondaries and the greater coverts, which are black at 
the base and brown at the end, producing a bar. The tertials are entirely plumbeous. The 
brown bar at the end of the greater coverts is sometimes wanting, leaving the speculum white. 
According to Mr. Cassin the American ‘‘sheldrake,’’ or goosander, differs from the European 
in having the prolonged feathers of the head almost restricted to the occiput and neck behind, 
while in the other species they begin almost at the base of the bill, and are erectile and crest- 
like. On the greater wing coverts of the American bird there is always an exposed and 
conspicuous bar of black, which in the European is entirely concealed by the lesser coverts. 
Bonaparte says that the bill of the American species is shorter and thicker. 
List of specimens. 
) ] ] ] ] 
Catal. | Sex. Locality. When col- | Whence obtained.) Orig’ Collected by— | Length. | Stretch | Wing. Remarks. 
No. | lected. | No. | of wings. 
| | ——— eee 
1304] G | Carlisle, Pa......sse.ceee Mar. 21, 1844) 8. PF, Baird, .....+)..00e. vevecvecece -| 26.50 | 38.25 
879 | OD |.wseee dO... ceoee | Nov. 25, 1842 |....0. dO... veescccs|sccces|sccvccces siseesea|| (20.201) 283500. 
5473 |eceees | Yellowstone river. ..| Aug. 16, 1856 | Lt. Warren...... saeses| | DY MAYGCMR siccs| -iaisleeies | weeeeene 
5140 | Q | iMexas ics esioceciove ..| Nov. 19, 1855 | CaptsPopeleescce| cee te’ [eee eS eee bas ol oan conaleo sanedo Rodd Daconeeseade Oaa0006 
5139 | .oceee Dofia Ana, N. M....eeee- Nov. 17, 1855 |...... Ossscesicees | 160 |.ccccseeceeevece | 26. 38.50 | 12.00 | Feet red, bill red and 
| “ht black, eyes black. 
9878 | Q | St. Mary’s Mission, R. mts.| Oct. 20, 1853 | Gov. Stevens... |..eeee| Dr. Suckley ...)eccc..c- [sete eeeeleeee ees |taneen seer sere teneee eoee 
9881 | 500000 Boca Grande, Mexico....| Mar. —, 1855 | Maj. Emory ..... 33) NIDrayKennerlyiac| ese eiecas|hevlesleesll se ceinclesi| dciesielesevicsiscssiccccieese 
9880 | rod Fort: Vancouver...... ee. Dec. 9, 1853 Gov. Stevens. ree]eeceee DresQoOOpers siseis\|s oo ciecce|\socceccelieeve ....| Bill and feet vermilion.. 
CORY lasinicae | Fort Dalles, O. T... .| Jan. 7, 1855} Dr. Suckley...... Pa Bl Soeodbiagan.d } 
E797 ceetesie Puget’s Sound .....- . pOdao 
SB7i7)|enmine Fort Steilacoom April —, 1854) Gov. Stevens....) 68 
i | i 
MERGUS SERRATOR, Linn. 
Red-breasted Merganser. 
Mergus serrator, Laxn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 208.—Gm. I, 546.—Wison, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 81; pl. lxix—Bon. Obs. 
1825, No. 249.—Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 462.—Nurrarr, Man. II, 1834, 463.—Eyron, Mon. 
1838, 175.—Aup. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 92; pl. 401.—Iz. Syn. 298.—In. Birds Am. VI, 1843, 395; 
pl. 412. 
Merganser serrator, Sreru. Shaw’s Gen. Zool, XII, 1824, 165.—Bon. List, 1838, 
Mergus cristatus and serratus, Bruny. Orn. Bor. 1764, 23, 
Sp. Cu.—Feuthers of the forehead extending on the bill in a short obtuse angle, and falling far short of the end of those on the 
sides; the outline of the latter sloping rapidly forwards, and reaching halfway from the posterior end of the lower edge of bill 
to the nostrils, and far beyond those on the side of lower jaw. Nostrils narrow, posterior ; their posterior outline opposite the 
end of basal third of commissure. 
Male. Head with conspicuous pointed occipital crest. Head and upper part of neck, all around, dark green; under parts 
reddish white. Jugulum reddish brown, streaked with black. Sides conspicuously barred transversely with fine lives of black. 
Feathers anterior to wing, white, margined with black. White of wing crossed by two bars of black. 
Female. Head with compressed occipital crest; chestnut brown. Body above ash; beneath reddish white. The black at base 
of secondaries exposed; onter tertials white, edged with black. 
Length, 23.25; wing, 8.60; tarsus, 1.80; commissure, 2.76. 
Hab Whole o North America and Europe. 
