40 SALMON OF NOVA SCOTIA—GILPIN. 
20th May, 1865, the one from which the sketch was mnade, I show 
you, was taken at Bedford, in my own presence, and within a 
few yards of tide. On Ist of June, 1864, Mr. Morrow gave me 
a Smolt taken six miles from the sea, but having no red spots. 
These dates are sufficient to show that in his Smolt form the 
Salmon is numerous now in our streams. 
On 10th May, 1878, my son took a Smolt from a river in Digh¥ 
Basin. He had travelled ten milés in the tide waters, and the 
nearest lake he might have been spawned in, may have been five 
or six miles from tide. In his efforts to free himself from the 
weir, he had sealed himself, and thus was one-half a smolt, the 
other half a parr. 
Extreme length 73 inches, head contained four and half times in body, from 
nose to end of caudal] fin. The oporcle had the round edge peculiar to Salmon, 
and the fin end of maxilla—the round point—one opercular spot, nose a little 
blunt. There were teeth upon intermaxilla, maxillz, and palatines, none on 
vomer. The silvery scales remained upon fore part of body. On the rest of the 
body where the scales had been rubbed away, the lateral bars of its Parr state 
were very apparent. There were six, I judged the silver scales covered three 
more. The sketch I show you is from my sketch book, and though it is only a 
repetition of Sir Tumphrey Davy’s beautiful drawing in the Salmonia, done 
many years ago, yet it was a Satisfaction to have it, and to fix it by a date and a 
drawing as occurring in Nova Scotia. 
These Smolts are all taken going seaward, and during spring 
and early summer, and weil known to the young fishermen who 
take them by bait and in greater numbers than they should be 
allowed to do. During the latter part of August and September 
formerly, our markets were supplied from the Shubenacadie by 
small Salmon weighing two or three pounds called Grilse. Of 
late years, owing I suppose to the fishing act being carried out 
more strictly, I scarcely see them. 
Mr. A. B. Wilmot, in his report dated 31st Dec., 1877, speaking 
of Bedford River, writes :—“I placed a small trap at the head of 
the first ladder over the dam immediately above the hatching 
house, and succeeded in capturing about sixty, mostly Grilse. 
They were taken about the latter part of September.” Mr. Wil- 
mot was obtaining Salmon for spawning purposes. Thus we 
find that young Salmon ascend our rivers during the fall, 
and not for spawning purposes. The Commissioner of Maine 
