108 ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 
even now, is worked profitably, and would be much more so if 
science and capital were largely employed in its development. 
Promising indications of Copper are frequent, even within a 
short distance of the capital, but they have not tempted eager 
speculation or scientific research. Copper, which requires patient 
and expensive exploration, is as yet only talked about as a Pro- 
vincial enterprise. The same may be said of Silver and Lead, 
which are believed to exist in workable quantities, only awaiting 
capital and skill, as employed in other countries, to make them 
largely profitable. 
It is high time that we knew the extent of our natural 
resources. I would like to be able to state that an exhaustive 
geological survey of the Province had been made, and its mineral 
riches mapped with some degree of certainty. We should know 
by this time if they are as valuable as they have been assumed 
to be, or otherwise. All doubt upon this subject ought long 
since to have been set at rest. The geological survey of Canada, 
provided for by the Dominion Government, began at the wrong 
end. 
It will. be expected, I presume, that I should, before I conclude, 
make some reference to the work of the Institute during the 
past year. I shall do so as shortly as possible. I make no com- 
parisons, and do not claim for it any great originality, or super- 
lative merit. It is but an humble follower in the wake of more 
richly freighted argosies. I shall merely assert, therefore, that 
it has furnished a large amount of information on the geology, 
mineralogy, zoology, botany and ineteorology of Nova Scotia, 
which otherwise would not have been generally known. In that 
branch of science first mentioned I will take the liberty to allude 
to the articles of the Rev. Dr. Honeyman, which of late have 
been directed to a correction of the eeolog ey of our own Province. 
On the evidence of position and palzeontology, strata which pre- 
viously were supposed to be widely extended, are proved not to 
exist, or to belong to lower formations. JI recommend these 
papers, which will be found in our published Transactions, to the 
careful attention of all acquainted with the science, who take an 
interest, for economic purposes or otherwise, in the succession 
and deposition of the rocks, as a guide to the mineral resources 
of Nova Scotia. A careful study of them may prevent many 
mistakes of scientific importance. The department of geology, 
I regret to say, was badly represented at the Provincial exhibi- 
tion; but even there was some encouragement, and those who 
sought might have found very fine specimens of coal from the 
