NOTES ON THE ANATOMY OF A SEAL—SOMMERS. 157 
hich in the dead animal could be made to cover two-thirds of 
‘the globe, nostrils closed by valves or folds of mucous membrane, 
Malia, the meatus was beset with soft bristles, depth of canal of ex- 
ternal ear, i. e. from meatus to tympanum one and one half inches; 
‘the body on the removal of the integuinent presented a well 
ourished appearance, the sternum was prolonged upwards to the 
top of the larynx by a cartilaginous extension, this measured three 
and one half inches above the clavicles, and gave origin in its 
whole length to portions of both pectoral muscles, these muscles 
arose as in the human subject from the sternum and ribs in front, 
but the great pectoral was continued downward to the point of 
the ziphoid cartilage, their insertions the same as in man, viz: to 
the clavicle humerus and scapula, the positions of other thoracic 
‘mnuscles are so similar to the corresponding parts in human 
‘anatomy I deein it to. be unnecessary to proceed with their 
Rrescription. 
_ The development of these muscles in the seal corresponds more 
to the same in birds than in land mammals, the shoulder muscles 
are also correspondingly developed, the trapezius very thick, 
‘deltoid and biceps short, thick, and strongly attached to the 
bones, these points in the myology of the seal can be seen only 
on dissection, they are covered by the general integument nearly 
down to the wrist joint, as however the integument is loose 
he bones short and articulated at opposing angles, there is much 
freedom of movement in the anterior limbs. 
The modification of the bones at the extremities, furnishes a 
ost striking peculiarity in the anatomy of the seal ; in the super- 
or, the scapula is broad, rounded at the edge, bearing some re- 
semblance to the same bone in man, the fossze for the supra and 
nfra spinati muscles are deep, the under surface of the bones 
are deeply concave for the lodgement of the large sub-scapulars, 
he humerus very short and thick, the ulna and radius also short, 
but the olecranon process of the ulna is much prolonged to afford 
attachment for the powerful extensors of the arm, the metacarpal 
