BONES OF LOPHIUS PISCATORIUS — MORROW. 349 
tions with their ceratobranchials to about midway of their 
length, they then gradually enlarge until they reach the upper 
pharyngeals, to the median division of which they give partial 
support; at their upper third these bones are closely connected 
with the fourth pair, and are for a short space enveloped by them, 
in fact forming on each side a nearly rigid pair. At the superior 
extremities of these bones on the anterior faces of the median 
upper pharyngeals are processes for their muscular attachment. 
The fourth pair are longer and very much stronger bones than 
the others, being at their inferior extremities in proportion to 
the others as ten to three ; on their posterior edges they are 
somewhat thin with double anterior ridges ; they decrease in 
size until they reach the third pair, where they expand with shell 
shaped processes, which as already stated, partially envelop the 
bones of the third pair ; at the junction with their upper pha- 
ryngeals they are less in size than at the enveloping process, and 
also tend to support the median division of the upper pharyn- 
geals, while the posterior division may be said to be entirely 
sustained by them. 
62. The upper pharyngeals contain each three plates or divi- 
sions (anterior, median and posterior), armed with teeth strongly 
eurved posteriorly. The anterior divisions contain each ten to 
twelve teeth, and are narrow, having processes on their superior 
extremities for attachment of their muscles. The median divi- 
sions are somewhat triangular in shape, and their superior edges 
(the bases of the triangles), are more than four times the breadth 
of either of the other divisions ; they have each on their superior 
edges a process for their muscular attachment, and each contains 
from eleven to fifteen teeth. The posterior divisions are alse 
narrow plates; at their anterior inferior edges they are curved. 
under and cennected with the under posterior surfaces of the 
second divisions ; on their superior edges there are processes for 
muscular attachment. These divisions contain each from ten to 
fourteen teeth. 
46. In the Lophius the supra clavicle (sometimes called the 
post temporal) is on each side a broad spatulate plate, thin 
upon its edges, gradually rising to form a ridge along its anterior 
