TEREDO NAVALIS IN NOVA SCOTIA — MURPHY. 375 
the bottom of the reservoir. This mode of heating was first 
adopted at Mr. Bethell’s works at Battersea, and it answers 
admirably. 
“The cylinder now used in the ordinary process is similar toa 
steam engine boiler, 6 feet diameter, and from 20 feet to 50 feet 
long. Formerly the end or charging doors were made in a va- 
riety of ways, some to open inwards, some to slide in air-tight 
grooves, and others similar to the cover of a gas retort. Noth- 
ing, however, answers so well as to have the cover of the full 
size of the cylinder, with proper fastenings, and all the joints ac- 
curately turned and fitted together, for the pressure on so large 
an area is enormous, and the heated oil is so exceedingly subtle, 
that great care is necessary to prevent leakage. Small trucks 
run on rails inside the cylinder and carry the load. These for- 
merly ran out upon a long switch, and were then turned into a 
siding and unloaded. A different plan is now adopted, by 
making the inside lorries run out upon another larger and 
stronger truck of the ordinary gauge, so that by this means they 
can be run on to any of the adjacent sidings, to be unloaded 
without shifting a second time. 
Since 1853 the process then described by Mr. Burt, as creosot- 
ing under pressure in strong cylinders, has become the favorite 
one to adopt to resist the attacks of the teredo. The same pro- 
cess, with slight modifications, is carried out to this day, both in 
Europe and America. 
The Dutch Commission speak most favorably of it. 
English engineers, such as Hawkshaw, Burnett, and others, 
speak of it from time to time in the Reports of the Transactions 
of the Society of Civil Engineers, in a very favorable manner. 
American engineers generally recommend its adoption. 
But no better example could be desired of the etficiency of cre- 
osote to prevent the attacks of the teredo, than we have in the 
Harbor of Sydney, Nova Scotia. Here the teredo is seemingly as 
destructive, if not more so, than at any place on our coast, and 
here, about ten years ago, a coal-loading pier was erected sufhi- 
eiently large that three ocean-going steamers could load coals at 
the same time. The pier runs out into the harbor ; it was ereet- 
