NORTHERN OUTCROP, CUMBERLAND COAL FIELDS—GILPIN. 397 
most promising coal beds are confined to the lower part of the 
Productive Measures; while the upper half lying immediately 
below the Ragged Reef sandstones appears to be worthless. So 
far as I am aware, this set of rocks has not been systematically 
explored, and its coal contents east of the Joggins are problemati- 
cal. However, as we have seen that the coal values of a certain 
horizon in the lower portion have improved to the east, we may 
anticipate that it is quite within the bounds of possibilities that 
conditions favorable to the accumulation of workable seams of 
coal have occurred through this long stretch of coal measures. 
Having thus briefly discussed the known seams, and the possi- 
ble future greatly enhanced value of the district, it remains for 
me to draw attention to the qualities and transportation facilities 
of the seams already noticed, with the proviso that any seams 
found in the future will be more favourably situated for outlet 
than those now proved. 
The distance from the Intercolonial Railway to the furthest 
east point yet proved in the district is3 miles. This distance gra- 
dually diminishes until the Railway enters the productive belt, 
and traverses it for a distance of about 14 mile. By this road a 
ready outlet is furnished to shipping at Dorchester, 29 miles from 
Maccan. 
The Maccan and Herbert Rivers furnish good shipping faci- 
lities for vessels up to 300 tons burden, and at the Joggins coal is 
loaded into vessels directly from the mines. 
I regret to say that at the time I prepared for the Newcastle 
Institute of Mining Engineers, my paper on “ Canadian Coals,” 
Iwas unable to procure a set of samples of these coals for ana- 
lysis. I give the following from Dr. Dawson’s “ Acadian Geo- 
logy” and other sources, which show the general character of the 
seams :— 
JOGGINS. 
Morsirera ayaet a et ee ens ae ee She uardieid 2°50 
Volatile Combustible Matter.............. 36°30 
Bimedu@arvonts 10M wees oe oi alee LD. 56°00 
