COMPLEX SOLUTIONS.—ARCHIBALD. 45 
It will be seen, especially if the above results be plotted, that 
all three sets of observations agree very well with one another, 
but that mine agree better with Loomis’s than with those of 
Jones. Their agreement with Loomis’s is very close. 
The following table contains the observed and calculated 
values of the freezing-point depressions for simple solutions, with 
the differences expressed as percentages of the observed values. 
In the calculations Van ’t Hoff’s constant was taken to be 1.86 
and the expression used for the depression was 
A=1.86 (1+2a) N/2, 
where N is the concentration of the solution in gr.-equivalents 
per litre. 
> 
TABLE IV.—DEPRESSION OF FREEZING-POINT. 
| Potassium Sulphate Solutions. Sodium Sulphate Solutions. 
ait | —— a 
-Observed. | Calculated. Sern Observed. | Calculated. Sie 
Se eo tiss | ktics ue ev | aes a5 
.055 .1296 Pari —1.5 . 1304 oP) BA 
060 1407 .1387 | —1.4 .1416 1379 | —2.6 
.070 1629 | .1604 —1.5 | .1638 .1591 | —2.9 
.080 | .1851 .1818 —1.8 .1856 .1803 | — 2.9 
. 100 .2285 224] —1.9 -2286 .2221 | —2.9 
.200 | 4322 .4259 —15 .4330 4181 | —3.4 
.250 .5295 .5250 —0.8 .5300 -O115 | — 3.5 
.300 6240 | 6227, 1 —-0:2 | 6252 6015 | — 3.8 
300 7196 7200 +0.1 7157 6907 | — 3.5 
.400 8128 8169 +0.5 | $100 7782 | —3.9 
-450 | 9063 9131 +0.8 8968 8663 | — 3.4 
.500 | 9950 | 1.0118 | +1.7 9875 9532 | — 3.5 
-600 1.170 | 1.209 +3.3 1.155 1.128 — 2.3 
.700 1.341 | 1.406 +4.9 1,323 1.303 —15 
