170 SUBDIVISIONS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM 
ro 
Sauropus Dawsoni, (M. 8.)—From rocks apparently 
of this age which occur at East Bay near West Bay 
and Partridge Island, two miles below Parrsboro. 
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 
1. Anthracomya elongata, Dawson. . 
ce 
obtusa, Dawson. 
CRUSTACEA. 
1. Leaia tricarinata, Meek and Worthen. 
2. Carbonia, sp. 
3. Estheria Dawsoni, Jones. 
4. Anthracopalemon? n. sp. 
The Riversdale formation thus carries a flora and fauna, 
which cannot be taken as one appertaining to any other system 
than the Carboniferous, inasmuch as the types are all akin, and 
generally conceded to be closely related, even to types in the 
productive coal measures higher up in the system. 
I have no hesitation to state that, in the Union and Rivers- 
dale formations, we have obtained in Nova Scotia a fauna and 
flora, which, while not as extensive nor as varied as that obtained 
in the productive coal measures of the same Province, are never- 
theless remarkably similar in their biological characteristics, 
imbedded in a series of sediments, terrigenous in character, and 
for the most part estuarine, carrying Carbonaceous shales and 
sandstones, underclays and conglomerates, constituting just a 
series of strata as that, which, having begun in Eo-Carbonifterous 
time, were interrupted by an encroachment of the Carboniferous 
Sea (Windsor formation) in which marine conditions prevailed, 
and limestones were deposited, holding abundance of marine 
shells and other fossil organic remains peculiar to salt-water 
conditions, and were followed by newer, or higher, or later strata, 
such as are met in the “ Millstone grit ” and “ Coal measures ” of 
the same region, of various writers, characterised also by terrig- 
enous deposits, and enclosing a fauna and flora whose affinities 
are remarkably akin to the forms found in the Eo-Carboniferous 
