IN NOVA SCOTIA—FLETCHER. 241 
be drawn faunally it should be between the Chemung and the 
Waverley. ..... . The difficulties are not less sericus in 
England, and the Pilton and Baggy beds hold faunas which it is 
as difficult to settle on the Devonian or Carboniferous side as it 
has been with the Waverley, Kinderhook or Marshall.” Pro- 
fessor J. S. Newberry then proposes a classification in which he 
includes in the Carboniferous system all strata from the Permian 
to the Chemung, both inclusive ; whereas Professor Hall adopts 
‘the first alternative suggested above and restricts the term 
Catskill group to the beds known as X and XI of the Pennsyl- 
vania survey (Pocono and Mauch Chunk); and others speak of 
the iatter as distinct from. and overlying the Catskill. Adopting 
Professor Hall’s grouping it would seem that the Mauch Chunk 
and Pocono may represent respectively the Union and Rivers- 
dale series of the Nova Scotian Devonian ; and that, unless the 
littoral and estuarine sediments of Pennsylvania represent the 
pelagic rocks of the east, there must be a great unconformity 
by which the gypsiferous formation, traced, as above stated, 
from Newfoundland to the Aroostook, is lost. It has been found 
that in working up from the lower Paleozoic, the fossils seem 
to carry the Catskill to XI of the Pennsylvania classification, 
in working downward from the upper Paleozoic, the fossils 
seem to carry the Permian to VIII (Venango). 
The International Congress proposes to place the upper limit 
of the Devonian at the base of the Carboniferous Limestone 
and to include in the former the Catskill and the so-called 
Lower Carboniferous or Tweedian group of Scotland. The 
Tweedian has been also correlated with the Condroz beds of 
Belgium, from which one of the subdivisions of the Devonian 
(Condrusian) in the classification of the Congress takes its 
name. 
The annexed tabular view of various classifications proposed 
for these rocks will show at once their radical inconsistency and 
the indcfinite range of the fossils :— 
Proc. & TRANS. N.S. Inst. SCI, VOL. X. TRANS.—P, 
