AND TRANSPORTING AGENT—PREST. ood 
subsidence and elevation, the annual stream of Arctic ice has 
washed and scoured until every vestige of lighter material has. 
been slowly but surely swept into the ocean. 
Elevation of Land. 
A condition that has influenced, somewhat, ice erosion in 
Labrador, is the elevation now in progress in that region. The 
resulting raised beaches and escarpments on the Straits of Belle. 
Isle and elsewhere, are the most marked of the minor features 
of that coast. These evidences of former subsidence extend from 
the valley of the St. Lawrence around the whole coast of 
Labrador and Arctic America. The subsidence reached its 
greatest development in the St. Lawrence Valley and on the 
shores of Hudson Bay, where ancient shore lines are seen at 
heights of 600 to 875 feet The highest of the shore lines of 
south-eastern Labrador are between 150 and 180 feet above the 
sea level. They are four to seven in number, of which the 
second is the most prominent and shows the longest period of 
rest for the elevating agencies. Then follows the third, while 
the fourth and fifth are barely traceable in some places. These 
escarpments do not mark the full number of pauses in elevation 
on the Labrador coast, but only the principal ones. Mr. Low, of 
the Canadian Geological Survey statf, noticed 14 small terraces 
within a few yards at the mouth of the Northwest River, 
Hamilton Inlet. This process is also shared in by the west 
coast of Newfoundland, the evidence of which can be seen 
almost to Cape Ray. On this coast, however, there appears to 
be a pivot or centre of oscillation, as the south coast of New- 
foundland is sharing in the subsidence now general from Prince 
Edward Island to New Jersey. 
The rise in Labrador does not seem to have been gradual, but 
to have proceeded in a series of pulsations which, apparently, are 
still going on. In fact the recent rise of ‘‘ Mad Moll,” a ledge of 
Sandwich Bay, seems to indicate the present as another period 
of elevation. The oldest inhabitants claim to remember when 
this ledge was visible only at low water. Now it is seldom 
