354 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WITH THE CALYX DRILL 
duced, and the engine set going. When a sufficient depth s 
reached the calyx chip-cup is coupled on and the rods success- 
ively placed between the chip-cup rod and the square 
rotating rod. 
It occasionally happens that a rod-coupling breaks at a depth 
below the surface. The portion of the drill above the break is 
withdrawn, and a threaded cone called a “tap” is inserted on 
the end of a rod, and screwed into the broken coupling and the 
bottom portion is withdrawn. 
When the core breaks accidentally it immediately becomes 
known by the riding motion of the drill, and the drill runner: 
should be on the alert at such a time to prevent much weight 
being placed on the drill head, as the couplings at once become 
endangered. 
When it is desired to withdraw or break a core, the motion is 
stopped, and a heavy flush of water is forced down the drill 
rods, coarse gravel being at the same time fed with it. The 
gravel becomes jammed between the core and core barrel, thus 
holding the former firmly ; the pipe wrenches are now placed on 
the square rotating rod at the top, and with the aid of the engine 
a sharp twist is given to the drill, and the core breaks. 
In the event of a piece of the core splitting off below, and it 
being found impossible to re-insert the cutter or shot-bit, the: 
chopping-bit, a steel head like a blunt chisel is placed on the end 
of a rod, and repeatedly dropped into the hole, breaking up the 
offending piece of rock. 
As little water as possible is used with the shot,as it tends 
to waste by depositing it in the chip cup, or bringing it up to 
the surface. On the other hand, with the cutter in softer 
rock all the water possible is used. 
Records of Boring. 
Boring was commenced on October 13th, 1900, on the “ Ber- 
teaux” Farm, at Torbrook, the drill being under the charge of 
Mr. Burnett, the drill company’s expert. 
