368 THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE 
hill, until we come to massive beds of coarse irregularly bedded 
sandstone with sub-angular quartz grains powdery cementing 
matter and all the conspicuous features of the sandstones form- 
ing the basal members of the Horton series before described. 
In the Dunean Brook the sandstones finally change, rather 
abruptly, in character, a soft reddish-brown substance appearing 
and making up a larger and larger portion of the rock, until it 
passes at a well-defined boundary, into a soft argillaceous rock 
with bright ribbon-like bands of coloring where the edges of 
highly inclined green, brown and drab layers have been smoothed 
and rounded by the stream. This rock is evidently the source 
of the soft brown constituent of the immediately over-lying 
sanastones, and furnishes certain proof that they are newer than 
and laid down upon these argillaceous beds. 
Cleavage is not Well-marked in these underlying clay rocks 
at this point, but the bedding is plainly shown by the color 
banding and by the occurence of occasional gritty layers. The 
dip at the contact is to the southeast, but in passing up the 
brook the beds gradually become vertical and then dip to the 
northwest, Suggesting an overturn. The rocks also change 
gradually to compact bluish slates with well-deffned cleavage. 
The succession in the next brook to the east is the same, but 
the contact of the two formations is concealed by loose material 
in the bed of the brook. The argillaceous color-banded beds 
are well exposed, dipping to the southeast at an angle of 45 
degrees. Dr. Ami has found Dictyonema Websteri in these beds 
and considers them as of Silurianage.* Farther south, these are 
succeeded by blue slates, as in the Dunean Brook. 
The topographic features of the region have been stated to 
be due in part to the characteristics of the underlying geological 
formations, in part to structural phenomena subsequent to the 
deposition, and independent of the characteristics of these rocks. 
Wolfville rests at the junction of the slate with the overlying 
sandstone. From the town this junction extends eastwardly, 
ascending the ridge obliquely to the crest, where it suddenly 
*Summary Report of the Geol. Sury. of Canada for year 1898. Pp. 180-182 
