GASPEREAU VALLEY, NOVA SCOTIA—HAYCOCK. 371 
An objection to this view is, that the bit of north-dipping 
sandstone on the southern brow of the Wolfville ridge lies where 
the south-dipping limb of the northern anticline should be 
found; and this explanation must also be rejected. 
Still a third explanation remains. The repeated outcrop of 
the same set of beds can be accounted for by a theory that is not 
in opposition to known facts and even has some special evidence 
in its favor. Ifa fault, concealed by the heavy accummulations 
of surface material, is supposed to extend east and west along 
the north side of the valley, and the rocks on the north to have 
moved upwards relatively to those on the south side of the fault, 
as in Fig. 4, the same strata that dip northerly from the southern 
side of the valley would be cut off, a mile or more to the north, 
alone with the formation on which they rest. Erosion would 
act more effectively along the elevated surface, and the soft 
overlying shales would be quickly removed down to the coarse 
and more resistant sandstones, and these even worn through to 
the underlying slates. 
On the south side of the fault, the relatively lower position 
would be less favorable to removal and the softer shales would 
remain to furnish evidence of the amount of material that had 
been worn away to lay bare the sandstones and slates of the 
Wolfville ridge. The northerly dips in the south-sloping surface 
of this ridge are what we would expect on this theory. 
Some additional facts in support of this explanation exist. 
A line of springs lies along the north side of the valley well up 
on the slopes of the ridge, and quartz veinsa foot or more in 
thickness, extend along in the same direction, very near the 
line of springs. If these springs rise in the line of fracture 
caused by the fault, as appears probable, their occurrence is 
explicable. The water for these can scarcely be supplied from the 
almost bare rock surface of the part of the ridge, or escarpment: 
above, but its source must be rather in the more distant and higher 
lands to the southwest. A somewhat long underground journey 
for the water is thus required, and this is favorable to the removal 
of silica from the rocks along the path and its deposition along 
PROC. AND TRANS. N. S. Inst. Scr., Vou. X. TRANS.—Z. 
