THE PICTOU COAL FIELD — POOLE. 239 



Foord pit where the levels cut a series of faults having this 

 ■effect on the strata ; and these faults were found to gain in 

 magnitude as they went northward. 



Then in the same district of workings it appeared that the 

 .series of troubles that have a course more nearly east and west, 

 are invariably downthrows to the northward. 



A similar experience attended the operations of the miners 

 in other parts of the coal field. The eastern end of the workings 

 in the McBean seam cut faults which became heavier as greater 

 depth was attained and nearer approach was made to the opposite 

 high ground. These faults are upthrows to the eastward and 

 are associated with an increasing dip as the beds trend in that 

 direction. 



At Westville, the dislocations north of the village are as has 

 been mentioned, all upthrows to the east. The}^ are in sympathy 

 with the McCulloch brook f ault,also parallel to it and appear to be 

 lateral spurs of the North fault. They may be called the Black 

 Diamond series, for it was in the pit of that name that the}- were 

 first exposed : since then an extension of the series towaixls the 

 McCulloch brook fault has been shown in deeper workings of the 

 adjoining Acadia area. The faults found south of the village in 

 the Drummond mine dip in the reverse direction and Ijelong to 

 another series which may be called the Drummond series of 

 faults. Those known in the pits are secondary to the line of 

 contact between the Coal Measures and the older rocks of High- 

 field farm, the hill range behind the Drummond mine. 



Parallel with the general trend of the coast are the so called 

 North and South faults which range east and west. Great faults 

 having this course, Mr. Fletcher points out, are frequent in the 

 Permian rocks, and it w^ould seem that the parallelism of these lines 

 of relief also preceded the period of the Coal Measures, at any rate 

 so far as exposures permit of generalization. The beds underl3dng 

 the comparatively little faulted New Glasgow^ conglomerate were 

 also more disturbed, broken and brecciated along this line than 

 elsewhere and so with the Lower Carboniferous along the line of 

 the South fault. 



It may be asked what is the relative age of the chief faults in 



