356 THE OKE DEPOSITS OF 



developed by forces pressino^ on the end lines ot" stratification. 

 Both these forms of cavities were no doubt produced in most 

 cases with but comparatively little horizontal displacement of 

 the beds and layers. Below the zone of oxidation they are 

 generally found tilled with copper- and iron-pyrites or quartz, 

 but at the outcrops where their metallic contents have been 

 leached out they can usually be more easily studied. The 

 copper-bearing solutions appear to have gained access to the 

 cavities by travelling up and along the planes of jointing, 

 shearing and foliation, as there divisional planes are frequently 

 covered with thin sheets or films of ore. These thin sheets and 

 minute lenses constitute the bulk of the ore at Grandin brook. 



The surface characteristics and products of copper deposits 

 may be seen at Grandin brook. At and near the surface, to a 

 depth of from 5 to 15 feet, the metallic contents of the schists 

 are often completely leached out leaving the rock in a cellular 

 and porous condition. The schi-ts at the surface are rarely 

 stained, being, although normally of a greyish or greenish color, 

 bleached nearly white. A few^ inches below the surface, how- 

 ever, they are generally discolored by limonite. This leached 

 zone gradually passes into one in which green carbonates 

 predominate, and this in turn into one containing a mixture of 

 partly decomposed copper pyrites and carbonates which rapidly 

 gives place to an unoxidized copper p3'rite zone. 



The outcrops of all the L'Abime deposits are somewhat 

 difficult to follow, as although admirable sections are occasionally 

 laid bare in brooks and cliffs, they are usually covered with 

 superficial deposits, forests, dense thickets, swamps and bays. 

 The tendency of the ores to decompose and become leached out 

 where the rocks are exposed to surface agencies, and the general 

 resemblance of the rocks to each other, also add considerably 

 to the difficulty. The course of the outcrop of the " copper 

 schists," however, has been traced by means of " float " and a 

 few exposed sections for a distance of nearly a mile. 



