SUPERFICIAL GEOLOGY—HONEYMAN. 131 
ArT. IX.—Nova Scotian SUPERFICIAL GEOLOGY, WITH Map, 
SYSTEMATIZED AND ILLUSTRATED.—BY THE REV. 
DD SHOoNnnYMAN. =D; Cot, 2.) Bis 0., FS; Ses cc. 
Curator of the Provincial Museum. 
Read May 14, 1888. 
When mapping the geology of the Province I was led to make 
a separate map, to indicate its superficial geology. In doing this 
I had to classify the phenomena under the divisions (1) glacial, 
(2) champlain, (8) recent, and (4) pre-glacial, probable. It was 
found impossible, however, to define these in the same manner as 
the underlying geological formations, as there is an obvious 
blending of the several periods, so as to render it impossible to 
ascertain where the one concluded and the other commenced. 
Sometimes even the existence of one or other is only a legitimate 
inference arising from the “nature of things.” 
1.—Glacial. 
This I have sub-divided into topographic—central, eastern, 
western. As the first has its chief development in the city of 
Halifax and its harbor it may, with the greatest propriety, be 
designated the Halifax division. Vide map. Its glacial char- 
acter is here chiefly illustrated by striking and extensive glacia- 
tion. 
It is now requisite to take into account certain great features 
of the older geology. We accordingly define on our map—lst, 
the archzean formation of the Cobequid Mountains; 2nd, the 
triassic igneous rocks of the Minas Basin, Blomidon, North 
Mountain, and onward to Briar Island, &c. We also define the 
cranites of east and west divisions of Halifax County, and also of 
the South Mountain of Kings and Annapolis Counties. These 
will be found to give character to the glacial geology, and also to, 
still further, sub-divide the formation. They will also tend to 
divide the glacial from the succeeding champlain, if not the 
recent. 
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