THE STONE AGE IN NOVA SCOTIA.—PATTERSON. Zar 
imperfect, but each in its small size and the slight diverging angle 
of the sides stands in contrast with the true Indian jaw. This 
would suggest a people of small size like the Eskimos. It is now 
believed that this race formerly extended much further south in 
America than they now do, occupying indeed much of the New 
England coast. It is also a received opinion that the Algonquin 
race of which the Micmaces are the tribe farthest to the North 
and East, came from the South West, and the tradition of the 
latter is to the same effect. In such a migration they must have 
come into collision with the Eskimos, and driven them before 
them. Charlevoix in the map accompanying his work sets down 
the land to the North of the St. Lawrence as “Pays des Esqui- 
maux,” he mentions also that they were to be found in summer 
on the coast of Newfoundland, and describes the Micmaes in his 
day as maintaining a constant warfare with them, and these 
remains may be memorials of some such conflict. It is worthy 
of note that though I made several'trials I found no evidence of 
any burial further from the shore than the pit, where was formed 
the transfixed skull. It really appeared as if the race who used 
this cemetery had here deposited their warriors dead, and 
returned to the spot no more. 
The evidence of these remains being of a previous race I 
admit to be scanty. But the point is worthy to be kept in view 
in future explorations. 
The chief source, however, from which in this country we 
obtain relics of the stone age, is the kitchen middens (Kjokken 
moddings, as they are called in the North of Europe) or those 
~ collections of shells and other refuse, which mark the site of old 
encampments. These are to be found in every part of the Pro- 
vince. Indeed, judging from those places I have had the oppor- 
tunity of examining, I believe that every harbor and the 
embouchure of every considerable river will’ be found to exhibit 
to a greater or less extent such evidence of having been occupied 
by the people of the stone age. Thus, on the north shore, I 
have found them in Pictou Harbor, on both sides of the mouth 
of the East River, and at Middle River Point. In Merigomish 
Harbor there is scarcely an island or a point on which such 
