GEOLOGY. 9 
half a mile. Although the Pool now joins the Ravensbourne a 
little above Catford Bridge, an earlier point of junction was slightly 
to the north of Southend Lane. 
Upon many occasions in 1905-6 we inspected excavations for 
sewers on different parts of the Sangley Estate, in Bromley Road. 
The sections exhibited 4ft. of derived London clay (hill-wash) and 
8ft. of river-gravel, containing numerous large water-worn flints, 
resting upon undisturbed London clay. 
Mr. Hurdin, assistant surveyor to the Forster Estate, kept a 
look-out for any animal remains which might be unearthed. 
Figures 1 to 3 on 
Plate 3 represent 
some of them. 
No. 1 has been 
identified as part 
of a_ thigh-bone 
of Bos taurus, the 
great wild ox 
called Urus by 
Roman historians, 
and which was pro- 
bably the ancestor 
of the famous wild 
cattle still kept 
at Chillingham, 
Northumberland. 
Nos. 2 and 3 are 
bones of Bos longt- 
frons, the long 
faced wild ox, sup- 
posed to be the 
ancestor of our 
smaller black cat- 
tle. These bones 
were resting on 
the clay at the 
base of the gravel. 
Attention is es- 
pecially called to 
; the fact that one 
—_ condyle of the 
PLATE 3. longest bone was 
sawn off. Our first 
impression was that this afforded evidence that the Urus continued 
to exist in Britain at a time when mechanical art was sufficiently 
advanced to permit of the construction of a toothed saw of metal, 
but we subsequently obtained from Ravensbourne gravel at Hayes 
a small saw made from a thin flint-flake by which the operation 
might have been performed. Marrow, extracted from the larger 
