10 BOROUGH OF LEWISHAM. 
bones of mammals, has ever been a bonne bouche to primitive 
peoples. It was in most cases obtained by the simple process of 
smashing off the condyles as in figures Nos. 2 and 3, but the longer 
bone fell to the lot of an epicure who preferred to have his marrow 
free from splinters of bone. The bones and horn-cores shown in 
figures 4 to 8 were dug from the gravel by Mr. A. P. Macklin, of 
the Catford and District Natural History Society, when making 
an excavation in his garden in Bargery Road. They probably 
appertained to one or the other of the above-mentioned extinct 
species of ox. 
At Bellingham the altitude of the valley-plain is 7oft. The 
slope on the arable land to the east rises sharply to 1ooft. At 
the top of the ridge which there forms the sky-line a solitary tree is 
seen a little to the north of a wood. On walking from the road 
towards that tree we found that up to the rooft. contour line on 
the Ordnance map the clay is strewn with broken water-worn 
flints for which ‘ flood-drift” is a convenient term. Some miles 
higher up the valley, torrential flood-waters from the former 
Wealden heights, cut into the chalk, and tore out the flints, which 
were subsequently fractured and abraded by concussion. Looking 
across the flat on the west, which extends nearly to Perry Hill, the 
tortuous line of the Pool stream is marked by occasional trees on 
its banks. The entire flat is underlain by river-gravel, a proof 
that one or the other of the two streams has at different times 
occupied it. 
At the entrance to Southend Village Whitefoot Lane on the 
east and Southend Lane on the west both rise up slopes which 
once formed the banks of the Ravensbourne. Many years ago we 
were led by reading Huxley's ‘‘ Physiography ” to devote attention 
to local superficial geology. Southend Lane then afforded us so 
much instruction that we regard it as one of the most interesting 
localities in the district. At first we thought it crossed a spur of 
undisturbed London Clay, but when we narrowly examined the 
banks of the roadside ditches, and those of the fields on either side, 
and also the earth turned up by excavations made for posts for 
wire-fencing, we found that the clay everywhere contains broken 
water-worn flints. The elevations are instructive. At the entrance 
to the lane from Southend the elevation is about 75ft. At the 
highest point in the lane it rises to 121ft., and at the Lower 
Sydenham end it descends again to 7oft. Between the Bromley 
Road and the bridge over the railway in the lane, a shallow pit 
was opened in 1906 which exposes about 3ft. of stratified gravel, 
once the bed of the stream. The highest point commences near 
the railway bridge, and extends for more than 1ooyds. This ridge 
is the end of a spur which runs out from the high ground at 
Beckenham and forms the water-parting. Below the north side 
of the lane the end of the spur drops into the plain of the united 
valley, and it was here that the junction of the two streams once 
occurred. The water-worn flints in the clay at the highest point 
