} 
37 
ingly fleet of foot, and thought nothing of moving many miles in 
a day down to the nearest brook or river. Dealing next with a 
recently published book on ‘ Neolithic Dewponds and Cattle- 
ways,” in which there are references to the Cissbury and 
Chanctonbury encampments, the speaker said he did not doubt 
that dewponds may have existed in Neolithic times, but he did 
not think there was any evidence. Also it was practically 
accepted that the hill camps he would next refer to belonged to 
the Bronze age. The splendid ramparts at Cissbury had no 
reference whatever to the wonderful Neolithic pits which were 
scattered widely both inside and outside of the more modern 
entrenchments. Some of the galleries which were explored some 
time ago passed right under the southern rampart. 
There were many of these camps on various prominent parts 
of the Downs. ‘They appeared to have been harbours of refuge 
for the civil population, as well as defences against enemies for 
the fighting population. They were in every case very cleverly 
constructed, with outworks covering the contours of the slopes. 
Cissbury, Chanctonbury, Ditchling Beacon, Hollingbury, Devil’s 
Dyke, White Hawk Down, Seaford, Caburn, Birling, and others 
might be mentioned, and they seemed to have been placed in 
positions for easy communication by signalling—as was evidenced 
at the late Jubilee celebrations by the numerous beacon fires that 
could be seen from any given point. The ancient paths which 
lead up to these hill tops are often called borstalls, which is said 
to be derived from the British, meaning ‘‘hill path”; but the 
hills are covered with ancient paths leading in all directions— 
mostly grown over with grass—many leading to what is now “no- 
where,” but which may have been an important place in Neolithic 
times. ‘‘ Cattle ways” they were termed in the book he had 
alluded to. Perhaps this was right; but not always. There is a 
very ancient path leading from Brighton to Lewes, and passing 
over Kingston Hill. It is called the “jugs road ”—jugs being 
the colloquial name for the Brighton fishermen, who travelled 
that way with their goods to Lewes, &c. There are also natural 
tracks caused by sheep, &c., which may be seen well on any steep 
hill side. 
There were other marks on the Downs with which he might 
briefly deal—cultivation marks. They were very evident in many 
places, especially on the Cliffe Hill, at Lewes, also near Alfriston, 
and at Littlington. There were also some between Lewes and 
‘Brighton. These are supposed to have been caused by the 
continual ploughing of a furrow literally beginning at the top of 
the holding and finishing at the bottom, and they also indicated 
the beginning of village communities, and what was now under- 
stood as allotments. He was inclined to think, however, that 
this was not a complete explanation. That these early traces, as 
well as the encampments, should be so evident after the enormous 
